A 3-yr study was conducted to focus on the impact of surface soil water content on metolachlor (2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide) volatilization from a field with different surface soil water regimes created by subsurface water flow paths. Metolachlor vapor fluxes were measured at two locations within the field where local meteorological and soil conditi...

Field and laboratory studies have indicated that rock fragments in the topsoil may have a large impact on soil properties, soil quality, hydraulic, hydrological and erosion processes. In most studies, the investigated rock fragments still remain visible at the soil surface and only properties of these visible rock fragments are used for predicting runoff and soil loss. However, there are indica...

The chloroform-respiring bacterium Dehalobacter UNSWDHB was isolated from subsurface soil contaminated with a mixture of organohalides, including chloroform. Here, we present its 3.2-Mb genome.

The transformation of inorganic iodine (I(-) and IO(3)(-)) incubated in soils with varying amounts of organic matter (Andosols from the surface layer of an upland field and forest, as well as Acrisols from surface and subsurface layers of an upland field) was investigated by using the iodine K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES). After 60d of reaction, both I(-) and IO(3)(-) were ...

Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) is used to analyze the spatial variability of the relationship between the surface and the subsurface (b horizon) soil metal concentration. We used publiclyavailable soil samples from provincial government websites in Canada. The correlation between the log of concentration levels of the two layers are 0.51 for As, 0.40 for Cd, 0.33 for Cr, 0.52 for Co, ...

Volatile organic compounds (VOC) are present at over two-thirds of Superfund, Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 (RCRA), and U.S. Department of Defense sites (EPA 1996). Thus, remediation of VOCs is a top concern to the Environmental Protection Agency. Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a persistent VOC contaminant that infiltrates soil and ground water from improper disposal of dry cleanin...

Environmental pressure to reduce nutrient losses from agricultural fields has increased in recent years. To abate this nutrient loss to the environment, better management practices and new technologies need to be developed. Thus, research was conducted to evaluate if subsurface banding poultry litter (PL) would reduce nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) loss in surface water runoff using a four-row...

As geographical information systems (GIS) are increasingly being applied to surface and subsurface flow and transport modeling issues, it becomes important to more clearly define potential advantages and achievable objectives with this technology. This chapter describes an integrated conceptual framework for predicting basin-scale solute loading rates through and from the vadose zone. The appro...