BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Recent advances in arterial spin labeling MRI have permitted noninvasive evaluation of vascular territories. In the present study, we quantitatively assess mixing of internal carotid and basilar artery blood through cerebrovascular anastomoses using vessel-encoded arterial spin labeling and a new postprocessing method. METHODS Vessel-encoded arterial spin labeling was u...

The critical role of angiogenesis in tumor development makes its inhibition a valuable new approach in therapy, rapidly making anti-angiogenesis a major focus in research. While the VEGF/VEGFR pathway is the main target of the approved anti-angiogenic molecules in NSCLC treatment, the results obtained are still modest, especially due to resistance mechanisms. Accumulating scientific data show t...

Higher expectations on supply chain performance force organizations to reinvent themselves in order to cut costs and increase customer service, all to gain competitive advantage. Pursuing the best network of manufacturing, supply and distribution facilities relative the marketplace is therefore on top of many managers “most wanted” list concerning supply chain management. Supply chain planners ...

Flexible and dynamic supply chain network design problem has been studied by many researchers during past years. Since integration of short-term and long-term decisions in strategic planning leads to more reliable plans, in this paper a multi-objective model for a sustainable closed-loop supply chain network design problem is proposed. The planning horizon of this model contains multiple strate...

supply chain for survival in turbulent and volatile markets need instrument that by its help face with environment challenge. this instrument is agility. thus, in order of modeling agility of supply chain, founded 11 factors and interred in questionnaire and give it to experts of zobahan co. supply chain. analyzed result of 180 received questionnaire and accepted 11 factors that founded before....

T paper gives an overview of the theory and practice of planning and scheduling in supply chains. It first gives an overview of the various planning and scheduling models that have been studied in the literature, including lot sizing models and machine scheduling models. It subsequently categorizes the various industrial sectors in which planning and scheduling in the supply chains are importan...

Supply chain models describe the activities carried out in the process industry. They are used to design and operate complex sequences of tasks that transform raw materials and deliver final products to markets. Many optimization models have been developed for supply chain planning because they offer the possibility of finding strategies that lead to greater economic benefits. The traditional m...

estimation of agricultural sector demand and supply and identification of its determinants could lead to more efficient policies and planning of this section. in this study, aggregate demand and supply of agriculture sector for years of 1959-2007 by using of nonlinear restricted armax model are estimated. result indicates that aggregate agriculture demand is inelastic in short and long run. tho...

Within inter-organizational supply chains decentralized planning spheres lead to new challenges for the tracking and tracing of the fulfillment process. Nevertheless, information about progress and delays for instance in production has to be gathered to plan and to control the supply chain activities. Due to decentralized planning there is a lack of central information about structure and sched...

A novel supply chain operational transport planning model is developed in this paper. The goals of the model are to minimize the number of used trucks and the total inventory levels. Because of somewhat imprecise nature of vehicle capacities and decision makers’ aspiration levels for the goals, a fuzzy multiobjective linear programming (FMOLP) modeling approach is adopted. Moreover, an interact...