Many decades of research have produced a significant amount of data showing increased oxidative stress in asthma and indicating a potential role for oxidants in the pathogenesis of the disease, particularly during exacerbations. Putatively relevant pro-oxidative mechanisms have also been identified. Currently available asthma drugs are generally effective for the treatment of the disease, but t...

The imbalance in to oxidants and antioxidants leads to the condition called oxidative stress. The oxidative stress is considered as one of the etiopathological factors for development and /or exacerbation of psoriasis. Therefore we undertook this study to determine serum levels of oxidants (Malondialdehyde MDA, Nitric oxide NO) and antioxidants (Total Antioxidant Status TAS, Superoxide Dismutas...

boiling of water for its purification has been recommended since 500 b. o. modern desinfecition methods involve specialized treatments for the purpose of destroying or inactivating pathogenic organisms . different factors .in flu - ensing the efficiency of desinfection are considered in this article physical and chemical methods of water desinfection are described briefly the use of chemical ox...

The mutant hemoglobin S (HbS) previously was reported to undergo accelerated autooxidation during incubation in vitro. However, subsequent observations have raised the possibility that this might be explained by adventitious association of molecular iron with HbS, rather than reflecting an inherent property of HbS. Using purified HbA and HbS obtained from genotypic HbAS donors, we found that th...

The analysis of genetics and physiological functions of Agrobacterium tumefaciens RirA (rhizobial iron regulator) has shown that it is a transcription regulator and a repressor of iron uptake systems. The rirA mutant strain (NTLrirA) overproduced siderophores and exhibited a highly constitutive expression of genes involved in iron uptake (fhuA, irp6A, and fbpA) compared to that of the wild-type...

To identify the mechanism through which nanoparticulate zero-valent iron (nZVI; Fe0(s)) damages cells, a series of experiments were conducted in which nZVI in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was exposed to oxygen in the presence and absence of human bronchial epithelial cells. When nZVI is added to PBS, a burst of oxidants is produced as Fe0 and ferrous iron (Fe[II]) are converted to ferric iro...

Oxidants are highly unstable molecules that attack every chemical substance they come into contact. Oxidants modify the macromolecules both structurally and functionally. Body has defense mechanisms against oxidants in the form of both enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a group of oxidants formed during oxygen metabolism. ROS appears to be involved in th...

Stepwise one-electron reduction of oxygen to water produces reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are chemically and biochemically similar to reactive sulfide species (RSS) derived from one-electron oxidations of hydrogen sulfide to elemental sulfur. Both ROS and RSS are endogenously generated and signal via protein thiols. Given the similarities between ROS and RSS, we wondered whether extant met...

Spermatozoa generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) in physiological amounts, which play a role in sperm functions during sperm capacitation, acrosome reaction (AR), and oocyte fusion. In addition, damaged sperm are likely to be the source of ROS. The most important ROS produced by human sperm are hydrogen peroxide, superoxide anion and hydroxyl radicals. Besides, human seminal plasma and sperm ...

We examined the links between fibrotic and proliferative pathways for the 5-HT2A receptor in rat mesangial cells. Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) induced transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) mRNA in a concentration-dependent (peak at 30 nM 5-HT) and time-dependent fashion. For 10 nM 5-HT, the effect was noticeable at 1 h and maximal by 6 h. Inhibition of 1) protein kinase C (PKC), 2) mi...