A number of different approaches have been used in the stabilization of small band gap n-type semiconductors against photocorrosion in photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells. Such stabilization is necessary in the design of practical cells for conversion of solar energy to electricity, and is of critical importance in photoelectrosynthetic systems where the photogenerated holes produce species (e.g. ...

Geotechnical engineers, in many cases face with low strength or high swelling potential of clayey soils. Stabilization methods are used to improve the mechanical properties of this type of soils. Lime and cement are the most popular materials used in chemical stabilization of clayey soils. If sulphate exists in the stabilized clayey soil with lime, or if soil is exposed to sulphates, problems s...

Due to territorial condition and available land in Iran cities, Stabilization Ponds are one of the best choices for wastewater treatment. Studies whole the world indicates that treated water from a well design pond is more reliable than other systems. The other point for accepting this system is related to low cost of installation and operation. The present study is about  Khomein  city of stab...

We demonstrate long-term size stabilization of surface-supported liquid aerosols of salt-water. Single tapered optical fibers were used to couple the light from independent heating and probe lasers into individual microdroplets that were kept on a superhydrophobic surface in a high-humidity chamber. Size stabilization of microdroplets resulted from competition between resonant absorption of the...

Steric stabilization by polymers adsorbed on inorganic particle surfaces is gaining more and more attention in both industry and academia because it plays an important role in stabilizing colloidal dispersions. In this review, basic concepts and some related topics about steric stabilization are introduced. In addition the application of steric stabilization in dispersing ceramic particles in n...

We present a novel stabilization procedure for accurate surface formulations of electromagnetic scattering problems involving three-dimensional dielectric objects with arbitrarily low contrasts. Conventional surface integral equations provide inaccurate results for the scattered fields when the contrast of the object is low, i.e., when the electromagnetic material parameters of the scatterer an...

[1] We present ocean chemistry calculations based on ocean general circulation model simulations of atmospheric CO2 emission, stabilization of atmospheric CO2 content, and stabilization of atmospheric CO2 achieved in total or in part by injection of CO2 to the deep ocean interior. Our goal is to provide first-order results from various CO2 pathways, allowing correspondence with studies of marin...

True polar wander (TPW), a reorientation of the rotation axis relative to the solid body, is driven by mass redistribution on the surface or within the planet and is stabilized by two aspects of the planet’s viscoelastic response: the delayed viscous readjustment of the rotational bulge and the elastic stresses in the lithosphere. The latter, following Willemann (1984), is known as remnant bulg...

Vanadium-based catalysts are used in many technological processes, among which the removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from waste gases is one of the most important. The chemical reaction responsible for this selective catalytic reaction (SCR) is based on the reduction of NOx molecules to N2, and a possible reductant in this case is pre-adsorbed NH3. In this paper, NH3 adsorption on Brønsted OH ac...