Many petascale and exascale scientific simulations involve the time evolution of systems modelled as Partial Differential Equations (PDEs). The sparse grid combination technique (SGCT) is a cost-effective method for solve timeevolving PDEs, especially for higher-dimensional problems. It consists of evolving PDE over a set of grids of differing resolution in each dimension, and then combining th...

Beyond the sheer level of relief it provided, the London Debt Agreement shows some »qualitative« dimensions, the lack of which makes present-day restructurings so protracted and painful. They include a conditioning of debt service upon trade surpluses, the possible recourse to arbitration, and the comprehensive character of the negotiation, which included most types of claims on the German econ...

This study investigates the determinants of German and Japanese exports in a comparative fashion. By estimating an autoregressive distributed lag model for each country, we find that income elasticity is three times as large Germany’s exports. relative insensitivity to external demand explains why Germany has maintained its export growth whereas started stagnate after global financial crisis. B...

In the 1960s when South Asians faced widespread famine, the technologydriven agricultural solutions of the Green Revolution (GR) were an unprecedented success, creating food surpluses within 25 years despite a 70% increase in population1. The GR raised many out of poverty, saved large areas of forest and wetlands from conversion to cropping, and helped launch the economic transformation of the ...

background: the quantity and quality of manpower, especially in health systems, are major factors affecting speed of service delivery, cost, and accuracy, or, in other words, the quality of service. objective: this study purposed to investigate the manpower required in various units of the laboratory at shiraz faghihi hospital. methods: this is a cross-sectional and descriptive-analytical resea...

debt: major default risks for dc banks, shortage of cash for the lowest-income developing countries (LICs), and uncertainty and high cost of credit for middleincome developing countries (MICs), all require attention; recycling: if OPEC surpluses are not placed in Ides to permit extra imports from des (tn-cycling) Ides will cut their purchases of such imports, and will be driven towards costly b...

The prudent peasant mitigated the risk of crop failures by scattering his arable land throughout his village, Deirdre McCloskey argued, because alternative risksharing institutions did not exist. But, alternatives did exist, this essay concludes. Medieval English peasants formed two types of farmers’ cooperatives. Fraternities protected members from the perils of everyday life. Customary poor l...

Like a number of countries, Australia has undergone a substantial fiscal consolidation in recent years and a consequent reduction in government debt. On a cash basis, the Commonwealth government moved into surplus in the 1997/98 fiscal year, and has since run an average surplus of around 1% of GDP. Official projections over the next three years are for surpluses of similar magnitude to be maint...