Sustainable development is conceptualised along three dimensions: environmental-ecologic, social-cultural and economic-financial. In this study sustainability is defined in terms of three specific evaluation criteria: quality, affordability and diversity. Evidence from Budapest suggests that quality varies (new versus old in particular), affordability is low and diversity, while high overall, i...

Paying attention to the spatial placement of the elements (man-made or natural) based on the landscape pattern and ecological processes in urban design would have a considerable impact on both human and the nature. In a way that the discords in the placement of patchs in respect to each other, or in respect to visual corridors and urban matrixes lead to the unwanted results in the cities. The e...

Many problems and challenges of ecosystem management currently are driven by the rapid pace and spatial extent of landscape change. Parks and reserves within areas of high human population density are especially challenged to meet the recreational needs of local populations and to preserve valued environmental resources. The complex problem of managing multiple objectives and multiple resources...

Urban planning offers various design possibilities to solve fundamental challenges faced in urban areas. These include the need physically renew old industrial and harbour riverside areas into liveable, inclusive sustainable living spaces. This paper investigates way policies have helped waterfront Lisbon metropolis past decades. For this purpose, contribution of European Union (EU) national de...

the following study aims to present an innovative approach for design. participatory design is the model of direct involvement of different social groups in the design from functional tools to environments, social institutions and businesses. diverse collection of practices has been developed to support this direct involvement by participatory design. people are invited to participate during di...

McWilliams explored the injustices of migratory farm labor in California. Yet his description of the rural California landscape at that time captures the essential characteristics of the predominant form of agricultural production in the United States today: Travelers along the highways pass through orchards that seem literally mea-sureless and gaze upon vast tracts of farm land stretching away...

the author in this research has tried to link the alexander pattern language theory, which is based on human oriented and spatial factors, to landscape design, which could come to a cyclic model of “a pattern language for landscape design” in iranian schools of architecture. so, a landscape design process based on the value of human-oriented approach, which is extracted from other values, and t...

I-I tll, D.L., 199 1. Landscape planning: functionalism as a motivating concept from landscape ecology and human ecology. Landscape Urban Plann., 2 1: 1319. In this paper, the concept of functionalism fr--r both landscape ecology and human ecology is examined. The conceptual merger of these sciences and their application m landscape planning is explored as a basis for an ‘ecological approach’. ...

Planning and developing urban tourism destinations must encompass landscape optimization to achieve healthy urban ecosystems, as well as for evolution sustainability. This study explored sustainable landscape planning by examining the optimization of landscape spatial distribution in an urban tourism destination–Nanjing, China—using an integrated approach that included remote sensing (RS), geog...