In Xenopus and zebrafish, BMP2, 4 and 7 have been implicated, after the onset of zygotic expression, in inducing and maintaining ventro-lateral cell fate during early development. We provide evidence here that a maternally expressed bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), Radar, may control early ventral specification in zebrafish. We show that Radar ventralizes zebrafish embryos and induces the earl...

Bubbles in coating color greatly influence the paper quality and coater runnability. It is particularly important technology to remove bubbles for the paper coating industry. Recently, one of the authors has developed a novel device using swirl flow capable of eliminating bubbles and decreasing dissolved gases from fluid. This device is called the “Bubble Eliminator”. Using the bubble eliminato...

BACKGROUND Facial wrinkles are an undesirable feature caused by extrinsic photodamage and intrinsic aging process. Many cosmetic products and esthetic procedures strive to ameliorate the appearance of wrinkles. Currently the effects of those products and procedures on wrinkles are mainly evaluated by clinical grading, subjective self-assessment questionnaires, and optical profilometry of replic...

Solids removal across two settling devices, i.e., a swirl separator and a radial-flow settler, and across a microscreen drum filter was evaluated in a fully recirculating system containing a single 150 m ‘Cornell-type’ dual-drain tank during the production of food-size Arctic char and rainbow trout. The flow through the culture tank was 4500–4800 L/min. Approximately 92–93% of the system flow e...

In vertebrates, the embryonic dorsoventral asymmetry is regulated by the bone morphogenetic proteins (Bmp) activity gradient. In the present study, we have used dorsalized swirl (bmp2b) and ventralized chordino (chordin) zebrafish mutants to investigate the effects of dorsoventral signalling on endoderm patterning and on the differentiation and positioning of its derivatives. Alterations of dor...

When a fluid enters a rotating circular pipe, an angular momentum or swirl boundary layer appears at the wall and interacts with the axial momentum boundary layer. In the centre of the pipe, the fluid is free of swirl and is accelerated due to boundary layer growth. Below a critical flow number, defined as the ratio of average axial velocity to circumferential velocity of the pipe, there is flo...

Introduction: The analysis and interpretation of reflectance dependence on illumination / observation geometry is widely used in planetary research. Two main issues are generally addressed in this field: 1) the choice of an appropriate quantitative photometric model describing the physics of the scattering by regolithic surfaces; 2) when dealing with orbital observations, how extensive should t...

Internal combustion engines have been a relatively inexpensive and reliable source of power for applications ranging from domestic use to large scale industrial and transportation applications for most of the twentieth century. DI Diesel engines, having the evident benefit of a higher thermal efficiency than all other engines, have served for both lightduty and heavy-duty vehicles. In DI diesel...

This paper reports a study on the effect of helical, spiral, and helical-spiral combination manifold configuration on air motion and turbulence inside the cylinder of a Direct Injection (DI) diesel engine motored at 3000 rpm. Three-dimensional model of the manifolds and the cylinder is created and meshed using the pre-processor GAMBIT. The flow characteristics of these engine manifolds are exam...

A general procedure is presented for computing axisymmetric swirling vortices which are steady with respect to an inviscid flow that is either uniform at infinity or includes shear. We consider cases both with and without a spherical obstacle. Choices of numerical parameters are given which yield vortex rings with swirl, attached vortices with swirl analogous to spherical vortices found by Moff...