this paper examines paradox in the symbols of the poem unsh?dat al-matar (‘song of rain’), composed by sh?kir al-sayy?b. it also investigates how meaning is developed in these symbols. in the symbols in this poetry, paradoxical themes like happiness and grief, rain and drought, and life and death emerge. the onomatopoeia ‘rain’, which forms the central image of this poetry, has the same paradox...

In this article there are the main symbolical meanings of moon in N. Gumilev's poetry as parts ‘cosmism’ model. The semantic groups represented, similar and opposite compared, influence biographic facts on interpretation national folklore is defined, individual author's concept lunar "Pale maiden" proved, especial importance travelling way world’s researching showed. static data defining quanti...

computer-assisted language learning (call) is reaching an up most position in the pedagogical field of english as a second or foreign language (esl/efl). the present study was carried out to study the effect of using phonetic websites on iranian efl students’ pronunciation and knowledge of phonemic symbols. participants of the study included 30 efl female pre-intermediate students studying in k...