نتایج جستجو برای: systemic antibiotic
تعداد نتایج: 254729 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
BACKGROUND Antibiotic-resistant strains of pathogenic bacteria are increasingly prevalent in hospitals and the community. Acute exacerbations of COPD (AE-COPD) often result in administration of antibiotics although more than half of exacerbations are associated with detection of respiratory viruses and potentially pathogenic bacteria can only be detected in 20-30% of cases. There is a paucity o...
BACKGROUND Infection remains a serious complication after permanent pacemaker implantation. Antibiotic prophylaxis is frequently prescribed at the time of insertion to reduce its incidence, although results of well-designed, controlled studies are lacking. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed a meta-analysis of all available randomized trials to evaluate the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxi...
sepsis constitutes an important cause of hospital admission with a high mortality rate. appropriate antibiotic therapy is the cornerstone of therapy in patients with sepsis. although numerous studies have recommended early antibiotic initiation in severe sepsis or septic shock stages of sepsis syndrome, its role in treatment of patients with sepsis who have not entered these stages remains to b...
The increasing prevalence and complexity of multipledrug-resistant (MDR) organisms in nosocomial infections have fueled interest in novel therapeutic approaches. Adjunctive aerosolized antibiotic (AAA) therapy for pneumonia has gained popularity, supported by apparent advantages of higher pulmonary antibiotic concentrations and lower systemic exposure. Balanced by a paucity of highlevel evidenc...
Aerosolization of imipenem/cilastatin was compared with continuous intravenous infusions of the antibiotic for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis. The concentrations of imipenim/cilastatin in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BAL) obtained from rats exposed to the aerosolized antibiotic were significantly greater than the concentrations in BAL in the rats that had received intravenous infusi...
Orally administered drugs may be metabolized by intestinal microbial enzymes before absorption into the blood. Accordingly, coadministration of drugs affecting the metabolic activities of gut microbes (e.g., antibiotics) may lead to drug-drug interactions (DDI). In this study, gut microbiota-mediated DDI were investigated by studying the pharmacokinetics of lovastatin in antibiotic-treated rats...
BACKGROUND There is no consensus on the optimal perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis regimen for renal transplant recipients. Some studies have reported that irrigation of the wound at the time of closure without systemic antibiotics may suffice to minimize the risk for surgical site infection (SSI), but many centers still use long-term, multidose regimens in which antibiotics are administered ...
Background and Objective: Typhoid fever is still a major health problem for which there are limited options for the diagnosis. Current diagnostic methods are time consuming with undesirable sensitivity. Among newer diagnostic methods, PCR is attractive and could be potentially very helpful in developing countries where systemic salmonella infections are endemic among children but needs to be in...
Infection is a common complication and is the second leading cause of death in hemodialysis patients. The risk of bacteremia in hemodialysis patients is 26-fold higher than in the general population, and 1/2-3/4 of the causative organisms of bacteremia in hemodialysis patients are Gram-positive bacteria. The ratio of resistant bacteria in hemodialysis patients compared to the general population...
BACKGROUND In addition to their antimicrobial activity, antibiotics modulate cellular host defence. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is also a well known immunomodulator; however little is known about the interactions of G-CSF with antibiotics. We investigated in septic rats the effects of two antibiotic combinations with G-CSF. METHODS In two clinic modelling randomised trials (...
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