Background: Synbiotics have been used in the prevention and treatment of various immunological diseases. We aimed to investigate the synergistic clinical and immunologic effects of synbiotics and subcutaneous allergen immunotherapy (SCIT) combination in patients with allergic rhinitis. Materials and Methods: Nineteen individuals with all...

A number of recent reports indicate the existence of more than one type of helper T cell (I-6). A previous publication from our laboratory (3) demonstrated two types of carrier-specific helper T cells that independently and synergistically exert helper effects on the hapten-specific antibody response. One type (Thl) 1 is a more conventional helper T cell that helps hapten-specific B cells only ...

An experimental condition was established in vivo for selectively eliminating hapten-reactive suppressor T-cell activity generated in mice primed with a para-azobenzoate (PAB)-mouse gamma globulin (MGG)-conjugate and treated with PAB-nonimmunogenic copolymer of D-amino acids (D- glutamic acid and D-lysine; D-GL). The elimination of suppressor T-cell activity with PAB-D-GL treatment from the mix...

The murine model of leishmaniosis is a prototypic example for the critical role played by T helper cells in immunity to pathogens. Cytokines, such as interleukin-12 and interleukin-4, are the major regulatory factors for differentiation of naive T helper cells into T helper 1 and T helper 2 cells, respectively. T helper 1 cells, which are cellular immune mechanisms involving gamma interferon pr...

We present electrical resistivity (ρ(T )) and specific heat (Cel(T )) measurements of alloys on the Rh rich side of the phase diagram of the Ce(Rh1−xPdx)2Si2 system and compare the results with those obtained at intermediate and low Rh concentrations. The analysis of the x-evolution of the entropy and the scaling behaviour of Cel(T ) and ρ(T ) clearly confirm a separation of the magnetic phase ...

Mucosal and parenteral immunizations elicit qualitatively distinct immune responses, and there is evidence that mucosal immunization can skew the balance of T helper 1 and T helper 2 responses. However, a clear picture of the effect of the route of infection on the balance of the T helper responses has not yet emerged. Our laboratory previously demonstrated that oral reovirus infection elicits ...

Bile salt-stimulated carboxyl ester lipase (CEL), also called cholesterol esterase, is one of the major proteins secreted by the pancreas. The physiological role of CEL was originally thought to be its mediation of dietary cholesterol absorption. However, recent studies showed no difference between wild type and CEL knockout mice in the total amount of cholesterol absorbed in a single meal. The...