Self-organized mechanisms are frequently encountered in nature and known to achieve flexible, adaptive control and decision-making. Noise plays a crucial role in such systems: It can enable a self-organized system to reliably adapt to short-term changes in the environment while maintaining a generally stable behavior. This is fundamental in biological systems because they must strike a delicate...

This paper reports on the outcomes of an approach to granular synthesis using the biological computing substrate Physarum polycephalum. The plasmodium of Physarum Polycephalum is unicellular with a myriad of diploid nuclei, which moves like a giant amoeba in its pursuit of food. The organism is amorphous, and although without a brain or any serving centre of control, can respond to the environm...

U1 RNAs were isolated from P. polycephalum microplasmodia nuclei and sequenced. A P. polycephalum gene coding for U1 RNA was also isolated. The coding region of this gene differs at 3 positions compared to the isolated U1 RNA species. Both isolated RNAs and the gene encoded RNA can be folded according to the secondary structure model previously proposed for U1 RNA. Putative regulatory elements ...

Roots of the medicinal plant Valeriana officinalis are well-studied for their various biological activities. We applied genetically transformed V. officinalis root biomass to exert control of Physarum polycephalum, an amoeba-based emergent computing substrate. The plasmodial stage of the P. polycephalum life cycle constitutes a single, multinucleate cell visible by unaided eye. The plasmodium m...

In the paper, we present foundations of a new object-oriented programming language for Physarum polycephalum computing. Both, theoretical foundations and assumptions for a language specification are considered. Physarum polycephalum is a one-cell organism. In the phase of plasmodium, its behavior can be regarded as a biological substrate that implements the Kolmogorov-Uspensky machine which is ...

In the paper, we show that timed transition system models can be used as a high-level model of behavior of Physarum machines. A Physarum machine is a programmable amorphous biological computer experimentally implemented in the vegetative state of Physarum polycephalum. Timed transition system models have been used in our new object-oriented programming language for Physarum polycephalum computing.

Interactions among native and invasive species may affect management outcomes goals. We implemented different mowing regimes to control the Solidago gigantea restore natural diversity, also examined interactions between a European competitor, Tanacetum vulgare in context of these regimes. Experimentally planted suppressed by 79% without management, suite reduced density 80–98% when was absent. ...