The indoor tanning industry poses a long-term public health risk. Despite the adverse health effects, indoor tanning seems to be gaining considerable popularity. The study examined indoor tanning intentions and behaviour within UK young adults using an extended theory of planned behaviour model, which included variables on "appearance reasons to tan," "perceived susceptibility to damaging appea...

The objectives of this study were to provide estimates of indoor tanning device use among US high school students and provide baseline data before implementation of a 10% excise tax on indoor tanning device use mandated by recent federal health care reform legislation. We examined the frequency of indoor tanning device use by using data from the 2009 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Overall...

BACKGROUND Recent studies have identified reinforcing properties associated with tanning and suggest a possible physiologic mechanism and addiction driving tanning behavior. OBJECTIVE This article attempts to synthesize the existing literature on tanning and addiction to investigate possible associations. METHODS We investigated a variety of substance dependence models to define what consti...

aging, and immunosuppression due to the exposure of UV radiation. As a consequence, there has been an alarming rise in melanoma incidence, especially in young women ages 15 to 39 years. Indeed, it has been shown that tanning bed use increases the risk of melanoma by 75% when use occurs before age 35 years. In response to these alarming trends, numerous health and medical organizations have char...

UNLABELLED Objectives  To describe the prevalence and characteristics related to indoor tanning use among adults in the United States in the past year. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Health Information National Trends Study, 2005. PARTICIPANTS The study included 2869 participants who were white and aged 18 to 64 years; a random subset of 821 participants were also asked questions a...

OBJECTIVE Indoor tanning with UV radiation-emitting lamps is common among adolescents and young adults. Rising incidence rates of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) have been reported for the United States and elsewhere, particularly among those diagnosed at younger ages. Recent epidemiologic studies have raised concerns that indoor tanning may be contributing to early occurrence of BCC, and younger pe...

Two pupariation factors, anterior retraction factor (ARF) and puparium tanning factor (PTF), are absent from the hemolymph of larvae at the time of tanning accelerated by ARF/PTF, cyclic AMP, or dopamine. ARF and PTF are not involved in derepression of dopa decarboxylase (aromatic L-amino-acid decarboxylase, aromatic L-amino-acid carboxy-lyase, EC 4.1.1.28) synthesis initiated by ecdysone. Tann...

OBJECTIVES To describe youth access to indoor UV tanning and youth discount pricing incentives in 4 states with different age restrictions: Colorado (no age restrictions), Texas (age 13 years), Illinois (age 14 years), and Wisconsin (age 16 years). DESIGN Cross-sectional telephone survey conducted in October 2003 using a standardized script to assess the practices of randomly selected UV tann...

The constructs of appearance motivation and self-monitoring were added to the Theory of Planned Behavior in the prediction of tanning salon use in young people. The variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior proved effective at predicting tanning salon behavioral intentions and tendencies. Intentions and perceived behavioral control predicted tanning salon behavioral tendencies, while attitude...

Focus of the leather producing industry is the transformation of untreated skins that are brittle under dry conditions and may rot under wet conditions into durable, imperishable leather by processes which incorporate tanning agents into the hides. The traditional processes comprise a multitude of different steps (up to 70), are time-consuming and water intensive. An accrual of 20 to 40 t of wa...