The task of creating documents collaboratively is complex and it requires sophisticated tools. Structured documents provide a semiorganised writing environment where collaboration may assume more controlled forms than with other document types. CoEd is a writing environment that provides integrated structure support, content overview and version management for complex and hierarchical documents...

1 Intro In my 1988 SIGPLAN paper “Control-Flow Analysis in Scheme,” I promised to cover several items in more detail in a “forthcoming tech report.” The tech report has yet to happen. Most of the promised items have been covered in other papers (“The Semantics of Scheme Control-Flow Analysis” and “Data-Flow Analysis and Type Recovery in Scheme”). Useless-variable elimination, however, is still ...

This paper integrates the problem of designing corporate bankruptcy rules into a theory of optimal debt structure. We show that, in an optimal contracting framework with imperfect renegotiation, having multiple creditors increases a firm’s debt capacity while increasing its incentives to default strategically. The optimal debt contract gives creditors claims that are jointly inconsistent in cas...

This paper studies the optimal level of discretion in policymaking. We consider a fiscal policy model where the government has time-inconsistent preferences with a present-bias towards public spending. The government chooses a fiscal rule to trade off its desire to commit to not overspend against its desire to have flexibility to react to privately observed shocks to the value of spending. We a...

The modulus of elasticity of dam concrete is difficult to determine directly from tests due to the necessity for large specimens and testing machines. In order to study the applicability of simple elastic models for predicting the modulus from standard size specimens, tests were conducted on prisms of 45×45×90 cm fabricated with dam concrete (maximum aggregate of 120 mm). The tests on standard ...

We show how UML (the industry standard in object-oriented modelling) can be used to express security requirements during system development. Using the extension mechanisms provided by UML, we incorporate standard concepts from formal methods regarding multi-level secure systems and security protocols. These definitions evaluate diagrams of various kinds and indicate possible vulnerabilities. On...

Finally, a male birth control pill, right? Unfortunately, not just yet. There are several methods of "male-directed" contraception being developed and tested in trials; however, none are currently available to the general public. Clinical trials are underway and men surveyed in countries throughout the world have expressed their interest in male-directed contraception. The road is being paved, ...