The reaction of protected 4,5-diiodoimidazoles with (PhMe2CCH2)2CuLi regioselectively provides 5-cuprated imidazoles, which readily react with various electrophiles furnishing functionalized imidazoles in good yields; remarkably, these resulting mono-iodoimidazoles undergo again an iodine-copper exchange reaction in the presence of sensitive functional groups, like an aldehyde or a ketone.

Imidazoles and triazoles represent major classes of antifungal azole derivatives. With respect to UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, the drug metabolism focus has mainly concentrated on their inhibitory effects with little known about azoles as substrates for UGTs. N-Glucuronide metabolites of the imidazole antifungals, tioconazole and croconazole, have been reported, but there are curr...

We report the optimization of a neglected reaction for the rapid and direct conversion of oxazoles into N-substituted imidazoles. The utility of this microwave-promoted reaction for diversity-oriented synthesis is demonstrated in the preparation of >40 N-substituted imidazoles, including α-imidazolyl esters.

The imidazoles 1a-g add to the CC-double bond of the iminium ion 2 with rate constants as predicted by the equation log k = s(N)(N + E). Unfavourable proton shifts from the imidazolium unit to the enamine fragment in the adduct 3 account for the failure of imidazoles to take part in iminium-activated aza-Michael additions to enals.

[reaction: see text] A simple, high-yielding synthesis of 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles from 1,2-diketones and aldehydes in the presence of NH(4)OAc is described. Under microwave irradiation, alkyl-, aryl-, and heteroaryl-substituted imidazoles are formed in yields ranging from 80 to 99%. Short syntheses of lepidiline B and trifenagrel illustrate the utility of this approach.

An olefin cross-metathesis method applicable for the preparation of 4-(alk-1-en-1-yl)-1H-imidazoles was developed. The optimized conditions afforded a high-rate, selective, and high yielding reaction that comprise traditionally unreactive imidazole kernel as substrate. A variety backbone functionalized imidazoles were synthesized in good to yields by using this method.

We describe here a tandem catalytic route to prepare imidazoles in a single operation from aryl iodides, imines and CO. The reaction involves a catalytic carbonylation of aryl halides with imines to form 1,3-dipoles, which undergo spontaneous 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Overall, this offers an alternative to coupling reactions to construct the (hetero)aryl-imidazole motif, where variation of the...

We describe here a tandem catalytic route to prepare imidazoles in a single operation from aryl iodides, imines and CO. The reaction involves a catalytic carbonylation of aryl halides with imines to form 1,3dipoles, which undergo spontaneous 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition. Overall, this offers an alternative to coupling reactions to construct the (hetero)aryl-imidazole motif, where variation of the ...

A survey of the pertinent literature reveals that aryl imidazoles have been found to possess a wide spectrum of biological activity such as antibacterial [1], antirheumatoid arthritis [2], antitubercular [3], antiviral [4], anti-inflammatory [5] and anticancer activities [6-8]. Specifically, it has been revealed from the literature that imidazoles fused with indole nucleus possess various biolo...