Background—Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) inhibits cell proliferation. This may be mediated by transforming growth factor(TGF). TGFdirectly stops cell proliferation, restrains cells in G0, and inhibits the uptake of platelet-derived growth factor and insulin-like growth factor. These effects are identical to those observed with ASA treatment. Methods and Results—We cultured rat thoracic aorta vascu...

Transforming growth factor (TGF)is growth inhibitory for normal epithelial cells and melanocytes but can stimulate mesenchymal cells. Resistance to its inhibitory effects is characteristic of human melanoma, the growth of which may instead be promoted by TGF, because its production is increased with melanoma progression. Whether TGFhas an autocrine function for melanoma cells or is important fo...

Belmadani S, Zerfaoui M, Boulares HA, Palen DI, Matrougui K. Microvessel vascular smooth muscle cells contribute to collagen type I deposition through ERK1/2 MAP kinase, v 3-integrin, and TGF1 in response to ANG II and high glucose. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 295: H69–H76, 2008. First published May 2, 2008; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00341.2008.—This study determines that vascular smooth muscle ...

Testicular Sertoli cells protect pancreatic islet grafts from alloand autoimmune destruction; however, the mechanism(s) of protection is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine whether Fas ligand (FasL) and/ or transforming growth factor (TGF), immunoregulatory proteins produced by Sertoli cells, might mediate the protective effects of these cells against autoimmune destruction of islet...

Background—Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is central to the development of restenosis after coronary angioplasty (PTCA). As a regulator of ECM deposition by vascular cells, substantial evidence implicates transforming growth factor1 (TGF1) in the pathogenesis of restenosis. We investigated the effects of intracoronary expression of a transgenic antagonist of TGF1 on luminal loss after PT...

Matsumoto-Ida, Madoka, Yoshihito Takimoto, Takeshi Aoyama, Masaharu Akao, Toshihiro Takeda, and Toru Kita. Activation of TGF1-TAK1-p38 MAPK pathway in spared cardiomyocytes is involved in left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction in rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 290: H709–H715, 2006. First published September 23, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00186.2005.—Transforming growth f...

Transforming growth factor1 (TGF1)exerts potent immunosuppressive effects. In this study, we investigated the potential role of TGF1 produced by hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cell lines in immunosuppression mechanisms. Using the Mv1Lu cell-growth inhibition assay and an enzymelinked immunosorbent assay(ELISA), we detected optimal levels of TGF1 in the culture supernatants conditioned by the HCC ...

Transforming growth factor (TGF)1 is an important cytokine involved in various diseases. However, the molecular mechanism whereby TGF1 signaling modulates the regulatory network for smooth muscle gene transcription remains largely unknown. To address this question, we previously identified a Smad-binding element (SBE) in the SM22 promoter as one of the TGF1 response elements. Here, we show that...

Purpose: The members of the Smad family play key roles in regulating gene expression in the transforming growth factor (TGF)1 signaling pathways. Activation of Smads causes their translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus, where they function as transcription factors. The present study analyzed the expression and clinicopathological significance of Smad4 and TGF1 in squamous cell carcinoma...

Studies from a number of laboratories suggest that modulation of cytokine expression plays an integral role in the immunomodulatory activity of opioids. Previously, our laboratory reported that activation of the -opioid receptor induced the expression of CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL10, as well as CCR5 and CXCR4. Previous work has also suggested the possibility that TGFmay participate in the opioid-indu...