Iran is among the world’s arid and semi-arid regions and its demand for water has been increased due topopulation growth, urbanization and the development the economic sectors (industrial and agricultural). Inmany of these regions, the lack of planning and the unauthorized use of resources have led to excessiveexploitation and a lower level of groundwater. The usable groundwater for the country...

Integrated resource planning (IRP) is a new way for utilities and state regulatory commissions to consistently assess a variety of demand and supply resources to cost-effectively meet customer energy-service needs. This paper reviews recent progress in IRP and identifies the need for additional work by utilities, regulatory commissions, and other organizations. Kevwords: demand-side management,...

This research focused on mid-term planning representing the tactical level of supply chain management among manufacturers. Mid-term planning is based on established frame contracts between suppliers and customers. Demand forecasts and early customer orders (from retailers or consumers) are the starting point for performing planning runs involving logistical functions such as procurement, produc...

An optimization model is proposed to redesign the supply chain of spare part delivery under demand uncertainty in a specified planning horizon. Long term decisions involve new installations, expansions and elimination of warehouses handling multiple products. It is considered which warehouses should be used as repair work-shops to store, repair and deliver used units to customers. Tactical plan...

increasing concern over the regional dimensions of national economic planning since 1970s, has constituted appropriate baselines for scientific analysis of regional differences the iranian planning views in the pre and post revolution era have been examined in this article, based on both theoretical and applied study of regional differences. then the types and degrees of convergency and/or dive...