The resonant multiple photon excitation of neutral niobium clusters using tunable infrared (IR) radiation leads to thermionic emission. By measuring the mass-resolved ionization yield as a function of IR wavenumber species selective IR spectra are obtained for Nb(n) (n = 5-20) over the 200-350 cm(-1) spectral range. The IR resonance-enhanced multiple photon ionization spectra obtained this way ...

In the present paper, several issues concerning the second law of thermodynamics, Maxwell’s demon and Landauer’s principle are dealt with. I argue that if the demon and the system on which it operates without dissipation of external energy are made of atoms and molecules (gas, liquid or solid) in thermal equilibrium (whose behaviour is described by a canonical distribution), then the unavoidabl...

The high confinement mode (H-mode) is a preferred operation of tokamak devices in the future, but burst edge localized (ELM) will sharply increase heat load deposited on divertor target,raising target temperature rapidly and strengthening surface thermionic emission. In this paper, one-dimensional fluid model used to simulate influence electron emission characteristics magnetized sheath. result...

Abstract In this work, a test set-up device is designed, developed and manufactured to perform direct measurement of the current emission enhancement that photon absorption can bring thermionic in Photon-Enhanced Thermionic Emission Device (PETED) where C12A7:e- electride used as semiconductor due its low work function value 2.4 eV. Even though measured starts at operational temperatures, obtai...

We present an experimental investigation of the effect of kinetic energy on the ion doping efficiency of superfluid helium droplets using cesium cations from a thermionic emission source. The kinetic energy of Cs(+) is controlled by the bias voltage of a collection grid collinearly arranged with the droplet beam. Efficient doping from ions with kinetic energies from 20 eV up to 480 V has been o...

Photon-enhanced thermionic emission (PETE)[1] appears as a promising technology for electric power generation from renewable resources. Its combination of photovoltaic and thermionic effects leads to devices which can operate at high temperature through thermionic emission still exploiting efficient electrons promotion through a semiconductor band gap when it is chosen as a cathode. However, th...