Thermochemical water and carbon dioxide splitting with concentrated solar energy is a technology for converting renewable solar energy into liquid hydrocarbon fuels as an alternative to fossil fuels, which are dominating in today's energy mix. For the conversion reaction to be efficient, special redox materials are necessary to perform the necessary chemical reactions in a thermochemical cycle....

Solar photochemical means of splitting water (artificial photosynthesis) to generate hydrogen is emerging as a viable process. The solar thermochemical route also promises to be an attractive means of achieving this objective. In this paper we present different types of thermochemical cycles that one can use for the purpose. These include the low-temperature multistep process as well as the hig...

This work reports a theoretical study of the gas-phase unimolecular decomposition of cyclobutane, cyclopentane and cyclohexane by means of quantum chemical calculations. A biradical mechanism has been envisaged for each cycloalkane, and the main routes for the decomposition of the biradicals formed have been investigated at the CBS-QB3 level of theory. Thermochemical data(DeltaHf(o), S(o), Cp(o...

High-flux optical systems (HFOSs) are optical concentrators used to increase the radiative flux of the natural terrestrial solar irradiation. High radiative flux concentration leads to high energy density in solar receivers which allows to obtain high temperatures. In solar thermochemical applications, the hightemperature heat drives endothermic thermochemical reactions. HFOSs have been deploye...

Abstract The paper studies technological and economic details of green hydrogen production. Among all categories defined by the ratio between production technology CO 2 environmental pollution, for energy applications, only has a future. same projection can be seen in transport sector. An analysis H thermochemical formation technologies showed that ecological hydrogen, called blue obtained tota...

Approach • Review all published papers, reports, patents, etc. in the past 25+ years that relate to thermochemical water-splitting cycles, in general, and solar driven cycles, in particular. • Use FactSageTM program to perform chemical equilibrium calculations. • Employ HYSYS/ASPEN Plus chemical process simulation (CPS) program for developing process flowsheet, process analyses and optimization...

Today there is a worldwide interest in the use of biomass as an environmental friendly renewable energy source. The depletion of fossil oil reserves, constant uncertainties as far as price is concerned, unsecured supplies, and environmental pollution are among the many energy problems, when the use of fossil fuels are considered. Greenhouse effect and its consequences on climate change is one o...

Bunsen reaction was performed electrochemically using cation exchange membranes prepared by a radiation-induced grafting method for application to the iodine-sulfur thermochemical water-splitting cycle. The reaction experiments using sulfuric acid dissolving sulfur dioxide as the anolyte and hydriodic acid dissolving iodine as the catholyte verified the progress of the aimed reaction. Compared ...

OBJECTIVE Alkali metal appears to be a promising tool in thermochemical ablation, but, it requires additional data on safety is required. The objective of this study was to explore the effectiveness of permeable oil-packed liquid alkali metal in the thermochemical ablation of tumors. METHODS Permeable oil-packed sodium-potassium (NaK) was prepared using ultrasonic mixing of different ratios o...

Ab initio density functional theory is used to calculate the electrochemical phase diagram for the oxidation and reduction of water over the Pt(111) surface. Three different schemes proposed in the literature are used to calculate the potential-dependent free energy of hydrogen, water, hydroxyl, and oxygen species adsorbed to the surface. Despite the different foundations for the models and the...