introduction precipitation, an intrinsic part of nature, is essential not only for the survival of human but also for that of plants and animals. yet, this valuable natural phenomenon can also jeopardise human life, flora and fauna. torrential rains are sudden events that wreak havoc in iran and other parts of the world. in recent years, due to man's abuse of nature and disruption of environmen...

Heavy metals are metallic elements which have a high atomic weight and a density much greater (at least 5 times) than water. There are more than 20 heavy metals, but four are of particular concern to human health: lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg) and inorganic arsenic (As). According to the US Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, these four heavy metals are four of the top six...

1 www.ijeas.org  Abstract— Soil contamination from industrial effluents and mining activities is a widespread concern all over the world. Generally soil act as the buffer zone between atmosphere and underground water, thus soil contamination creates a serious threat to soil and to the surrounding biosphere. This research program is aimed to make an in-depth investigation about the remediation ...