Ovine scrapie is a member of the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), a heterogeneous family of fatal neurologic disorders characterized by deposition of an abnormal isoform (prion protein [PrP] PrP-Sc) of a cellular sialoglycoprotein in neural tissue. PrP-Sc is detectable in some lymphoid tissues of infected sheep months or years before development of clinical disease. Detection o...

Studies on actively stressed 3. equi infected premuned indigenous polo horses, manifested severe clinical syndromes characterised by partial anorexia, hyperthermia, lethargy, extreme weakness, marked dehydration, ecchymotic third eyelid, pale mucous membranes, sternal recumbency and coma. Some horses showed complete obvious colicy symptoms, watery blood, haemoglobinuria. The haematological chan...

PURPOSE A youthful female upper eyelid contour includes a concave medial portion of the upper eyelid along with a fuller, convex lateral eyelid. The skin in the lateral eyelid is tight without hooding. This is a sigmoid shape in 3-dimensional terms. With aging, fatty herniation medially along with redundant, hooded, ptotic lateral skin creates the exact opposite eyelid curve. The sigmoid blepha...

BACKGROUND Postoperative vision loss following routine nasal surgery is an extremely rare and devastating complication. We report a case of unilateral blindness due to central retinal artery occlusion associated with third cranial nerve following septoplasty. CASE REPORT We report a patient who developed an unusual central retinal artery occlusion with unilateral blindness following nasal sur...

Eyelid margin is one of the most challenging anatomic regions in human body and eyelid tumors raise special difficulties field periocular surgery based on anatomical, histological aesthetic points view.

The next three articles in this issue take a unique approach to discussing volumetric restoration. Robert Glasgold has provided an assessment for each facial region and five different renowned authors (TK, SPS, RF, SML, and EFW) have been asked to speak on a particular volumetric product, of which they are considered an expert, as it applies to the different regions of the face. The articles ar...

Pujari A, et al. BMJ Case Rep 2017. doi:10.1136/bcr-2017-219777 DESCRIPTION Case description Case 1: A 10-year-old female presented with a 2-week history of a small reddish mass on her right upper eyelid. Her past history was otherwise uneventful. Ocular examination and visual acuity were both normal. The right upper eyelid showed a small reddish mass measuring about 2×2 mm approximately 1 mm f...

OBJECTIVE To determine the force requirements, optimal vector, and appropriate materials of a novel eyelid sling device that will be used to rehabilitate eyelid closure (blink) in congenital or acquired permanent facial paralysis with an artificial muscle. METHODS The force required to close the eyelids in human cadavers (n = 6) were measured using a load cell system. The eyelid sling using e...