Fluid ingestion is necessary for life, and thirst sensations are a prime motivator to drink. There is evidence of the influence of oropharyngeal stimulation on thirst and water intake in both animals and humans, but how those oral sensory cues impact thirst and ultimately the amount of liquid ingested is not well understood. We investigated which sensory trait(s) of a beverage influence the thi...

BACKGROUND Before endoscopy patients undergo an uncomfortable fluid fast to reduce the risk of gastric acid aspiration and to ensure good endoscopic views are obtained. However, fluids rapidly leave the stomach and thus a long fluid fast before endoscopy may not be required. AIMS The object of this study was to establish whether drinking before endoscopy is safe and relieves patients' symptom...

The brain transforms the need for water into the desire to drink, but how this transformation is performed remains unknown. Here we describe the motivational mechanism by which the forebrain thirst circuit drives drinking. We show that thirst-promoting subfornical organ neurons are negatively reinforcing and that this negative-valence signal is transmitted along projections to the organum vascu...

Positron emission tomography studies were conducted during genesis of moderate thirst by rapid i.v. infusion of hypertonic saline (0.51 M) and after satiation of thirst by drinking water. The correlation of regional cerebral blood flow with the change in the plasma Na concentration showed a significant group of cerebral activations in the anterior cingulate region and also a site in the middle ...

Background: Hemodialysis is a method for extracorporal removing waste products such as creatinine and urea, as well as free water from the blood when the kidneys are in renal failure. Xerostomia is a frustrating symptom for patients on hemodialysis; mechanisms that contribute to its development include low saliva flow. An increased intake of fluids secondary to xerostomia in patients on hemodia...

BACKGROUND Neurosarcoidosis is a rare and aggressive variant of systemic sarcoidosis which may result in hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction. We report a case of hypothalamic hypopituitarism secondary to neurosarcoidosis complicated by adipsic diabetes insipidus (ADI). Initiation of anti-tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) therapy resulted in both radiological disease remission and recovery of osmo...

BACKGROUND/AIM Adequate control of postoperative (postop.) nausea, vomiting, dizziness and thirst, and early return to normal activity are important anesthetic goals in the context of ambulatory surgery. This study, investigated the impact of different preoperative fluid therapies or regimens on preventing postop. nausea, vomiting, dizziness and thirst. MATERIALS AND METHODS In a prospective ...