BACKGROUND It has recently been shown that large tidal volume ventilation accelerates the alveolar clearance of insoluble particles and this may be related to accelerated surfactant evacuation from the alveolus into the airway. The aim of this study was to investigate if the effect of large tidal volume ventilation is modified in an experimental model of surfactant dysfunction. METHODS Fluore...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of nebulized albuterol on tidal breathing flow-volume loops in infants with bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus. DESIGN A randomized, double-blind, control study. SETTING Pediatric unit in a community teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Twenty infants younger than 1 year of age (mean age, 5.8 +/- 2.8 months) with a first episode of wheezing due t...

Oxidative damage to surfactant can decrease lung function in vivo. In the current study, our two objectives were: 1) to examine whether the adverse effects of oxidized surfactant would be accentuated in animals exposed to high tidal volume ventilation, and 2) to test whether supplementation with surfactant protein A (SP-A) could improve the function of oxidized surfactant in vivo. The first obj...

Residual renal function (RRF) is a key element for good maintenance of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). Several reports have been published comparing RRF preservation between continuous ambulatory PD and automated PD (APD); however, no comparisons have yet been made between tidal and non tidal APD. We therefore retrospectively analyzed RRF in patients on tidal (n = 10) and non tidal (n = 1...

RATIONALE Lung injury caused by a ventilator results from nonphysiologic lung stress (transpulmonary pressure) and strain (inflated volume to functional residual capacity ratio). OBJECTIVES To determine whether plateau pressure and tidal volume are adequate surrogates for stress and strain, and to quantify the stress to strain relationship in patients and control subjects. METHODS Nineteen ...

1. Tidal pressure/volume and flow/volume respiratory loops were constructed from records obtained during 98 studies on 48 neonates of various ages and gestations. Records were obtained with a total body plethysmograph and an oesophageal balloon. Total pulmonary resistance was computed at five separate levels in the breathing cycle and results were expressed graphically as tidal resistance profi...

In a past study of hyperoxia-induced lung injury, the extensive lymphatic filling could have resulted from lymphatic proliferation or simple lymphatic recruitment. This study sought to determine whether brief lung injury could produce similar changes, to show which lymphatic compartments fill with edema, and to compare their three-dimensional structure. Tracheostomized rats were ventilated at h...

In a past study of hyperoxia-induced lung injury, extensive lymphatic filling occurred that could have resulted from lymphatic proliferation or simple lymphatic recruitment. This study sought to determine if brief lung injury could produce similar changes, to show which lymphatic compartments fill with edema, and to compare their three-dimensional structure. Tracheostomized rats were ventilated...

BACKGROUND Sepsis could induce indirect acute lung injury(ALI), and pulmonary vasomotor dysfunction. While low tidal volume is advocated for treatment of ALI patients. However, there is no evidence for low tidal volume that it could mitigate pulmonary vasomotor dysfunction in indirect ALI. Our study is to evaluate whether low tidal volume ventilation could protect the pulmonary vascular functio...