dara' rule changes in islamic penal code with the modern penology teachings approach keyvan heidar nejad [1] fatemeh ahadi [2] seyyed abulfazl mirjafar pour [3]   abstract:                        dara' is one of the rules that is derived from figh. the rule indicates that by proving doubt or hesitancy at the time of committing crime, the offence cannot be proved. in the former penal c...

This paper presents a refined interpretation of the role of real time data in estimating a Taylor rule. We use monthly Consensus survey data to construct inflationary and growth expectations. We argue that using real time expectations in estimating a Taylor rule is to be preferred above using real time output gap data alone. We approach uncertainty by the variance and skewness of expected outpu...

1 Schrödinger Equation and Time Development Operators 1 1.1 Schrödinger’s equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 1.2 Time-dependent kets and operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 1.3 Solutions to Schrödinger’s equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 Time developme...

Let X1,X2, . . . be and i.i.d. sequence. We consider three stopping rule problems for stopping the sequence of partial sums, Sn = ∑n 1 Xi, each of which has a timeinvariance for the payoff that allows us to describe the optimal stopping rule in a particularly simple form, depending on one or two parameters. For certain distributions of the Xn, the optimal rules are found explicitly. The three p...

Whereas decision trees are widely studied in the context of knowledge representation and inductive learning, guidelines can be considered as an extension of decision trees that have not received the same amount of attention in the artificial intelligence community, even though they have been proved highly useful in several decision support problems as the therapy process in health-care. This pa...

this paper, i have focused on the tax side of the fiscal policy to  investigate the past and future behavior of fiscal sustainability in iran. to do so, i have employed two different forward-looking and backward-looking approaches. first, the backward-looking approach is the fiscal policy rule proposed by daving & leeper (2011). precisely, this rule determines that whether the fiscal policy is ...