A highly efficient and general method for the synthesis of aryloylamido coumarinsderivatives by a three-component condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin or 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyran-1-one, aryl glyoxals and benzamide in the presence of nano silica supported tin(II) chloride as a heterogeneous catalyst is established. In this method, SnCl2/nano SiO2 wasused as green and reusable catalyst. Excellent yie...

Methylation is an important transformation process for elements in the environment. Herein, headspace solid phase micro-extraction (HP-SPME) coupled with gas chromatography–flame photometric detection (GC-FPD) or gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) techniques were employed to study the photochemical methylation of inorganic tin(II) by eight organic compounds (including acetone, pyruvic...

BACKGROUND IgG4-related disease is a multi-organ disorder characterized by a high level of serum IgG4 and dense infiltration of IgG4-positive cells into affected organs. In routine studies, however, IgG subclasses are not estimated. In the present study, we attempted to clarify the light-microscopic characteristics of IgG4-related tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) to facilitate distinction fro...

Drug carrier biocompatible and biodegradable nanoparticles of about 15 nm were prepared by solvent evaporation technique from star-shaped poly(D,L-lactide) synthesized using dipentaerythritol as core and Tin (II) ethylhexanoate as catalyst.

The thermodynamic stability limits of Sn(II) under ambient conditions imposes constraints on the densification divalent tin based oxides. In case monoxide (SnO), a low temperature (≤ 300 °C) electric field assisted processing route (Cool-SPS) affords up to 90 % theoretical density. This is demonstrated for both conventional SnO and reactive tin(II) oxyhydroxide [Sn6O4(OH)4] precursor powders. c...

BACKGROUND Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-response enzyme implicated in cardioprotection. To explore whether HO-1 has a role in cardiac remodeling response, the effect of its overexpression on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced cardiac hypertrophy was examined. METHODS AND RESULTS HO-1 was induced in cultured rat neonatal cardiomyocytes by treatment with cobalt protoporphyrin IX (CoPPIX) or...

The first experimental observation of magnetic resonances in electron clouds is reported. The resonance was observed as a modulation in cloud intensity for uncoated as well as TiN-coated aluminum surfaces in the positron storage ring of the PEP-II collider at SLAC. Electron clouds frequently arise in accelerators of positively charged particles, and severely impact the machines’ performance. Th...

Pinched discharge plasmas in tin vapor are candidates for application in future semiconductor lithography tools. This paper presents time-resolved measurements of Stark broadened linewidths in a pulsed tin discharge. Stark broadening parameters have been determined for four lines of the Sn III spectrum in the range from 522 to 538 nm, based on a cross-calibration to a Sn II line with a previous...

Reaction mechanisms and synthetic methods used for the preparation of homo- copolylactides based on tin( ii ) iv catalysts are reviewed.