Male songbirds are known for their conspicuous broadcast songs. In most songbird species, broadcast songs are produced at high amplitudes such that their active space (the distance from a sound source over which a signal is detectable) extends well beyond territorial boundaries (Brenowitz 1982; Wiley & Richards 1982; Dabelsteen et al. 1993; Holland et al. 1998; Naguib & Wiley 2001). In addition...

USC Eye Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States Institute for Biomedical Therapeutics, University of Southern Cal...

Graham Woodrow (Chair) Renal Physician, St James’s University Hospital, Leeds Titus Augustine Consultant Surgeon, Manchester Royal Infirmary Edwina A Brown Renal Physician, Imperial College Kidney and Transplant Unit, Hammersmith Hospital Mark Cowling Consultant Radiologist, North Staffordshire University Hospitals Nevine El-Sherbini Renal Dietitian, Imperial College Kidney and Transplant Unit,...

Experimentation and the evaluation of algorithms have a long history in algebra. In this paper we follow single test example over more than 250 years. 1685, John Wallis published A treatise algebra, both historical practical, containing solution Colonel Titus’ problem that was proposed to him around 1650. The Titus consists three algebraic quadratic equations unknowns, which transformed into fi...