This is a retrospective case series describing the use of botulinum toxin type A in the treatment of children with congenital muscular torticollis who fail to progress with conservative management. A total of 27 children with congenital muscular torticollis, 6-18 mos of age, received 30 botulinum toxin type A injections into their sternocleidomastoid or upper trapezius muscle, or both, at a ped...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this paper is to describe a case of severe neuroleptic-induced tardive torticollis successfully treated with a combination of clozapine, clonazepam and botulinum toxin-A. CASE REPORT: The patient, a 30-year old man with a seven-year history of delusional disorder experienced severe right torticollis with painful tightness of the neck and elevation of the shoulder. At this...

Background. Bacterial meningitis is a life-threatening medical emergency that requires urgent diagnosis and treatment. Diagnosis is infrequently missed if the patient presents with the classic symptoms of fever, headache, rash, nuchal rigidity, or Kernig or Brudzinski sign. However, it may be less obvious in neonates, elderly, or immunocompromised patients. Meningitis which presents as isolated...

BACKGROUND Asymmetry in infancy is a diagnosis with a large spectrum of features, expressing an abnormal shape of parts of the body or unequal postures and movements, which might be structural and/or functional, with localized or generalized expression. PURPOSE The purpose of the present study is to highlight different therapeutic aspects of the most occurring asymmetries in infancy: congenit...

A multi-adjustable torticollis orthosis is described for the post-operative bracing of patients after surgical correction of congenital muscular torticollis. The orthosis can be put on in the early post-operative period and the head and neck position can be maintained in the corrected, and later over-corrected position by the built-in multi-adjustable joint-mechanism. The details of the manufac...

Background: In prior studies, there has been no report of clinical observation postoperative reconnection the sternocleidomastoid muscle (SCM) in children with congenital muscular torticollis (CMT). Therefore, objective this study is to investigate factors associated SCM CMT, and provide evidence.

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare epidemiological factors, associated diseases, exploration and outcomes in patients with Brown Syndrome (BS) operated of superior oblique (SO) sharpening. This is a cross-sectional comparative study. 24 patients with BS operated of SO sharpening were enrolled in this study. The adduction-elevation restriction (AER), torticollis, visual acui...