The generalized concept of 'dynamic' buffer capacity βV is related to electrolytic systems of different complexity where acid-base equilibria are involved. The resulting formulas are presented in a uniform and consistent form. The detailed calculations are related to two Britton-Robinson buffers, taken as examples.

We have begun implementation on a source-to-source transformer that greatly eases the burden of writing code that uses Intel Thread Building Blocks (TBB). TBB is a C++ library that provides a parallel programming interface that is at a higher level than raw threads. However, because it works within the bounds of standard C++, there is a lot of syntactic overhead involved with writing a TBB appl...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To determine the diagnostic yield of histologic specimens obtained by postmortem transbronchial biopsy (TBB) in patients with acute respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation. DESIGN Standard postmortem histologic examination of lung tissue specimens. SETTING An urban university-affiliated hospital. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS Thirty patients with diffuse pulmonary ...

Lung transplantation is now an established therapeutic intervention for end-stage cardiopulmonary disease in humans. Chronic rejection, in the form of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome (BOS), remains the commonest cause of morbidity and mortality in those surviving more than 3 months. The pathology of BOS involves airway changes. We have evaluated the potential for endobronchial biopsies (EBB) ...

The purpose of the present study is evaluation of bonding durability of tri-n-butylborane (TBB) initiated resin without 4-methacryloyloxyethyl trimellitate anhydride (4-META) joined to human enamel. Ground human enamel was bonded with TBB resin under six surface conditions: 1) as ground, 2) primed with Teeth Primer, 3) sodium sulfite solution, 4) 4-META solution, 5) acetone-water, and 6) phosph...

The usefulness of endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) with guide-sheath (GS) as a guide for transbronchial biopsy (TBB) for diagnosing peripheral pulmonary lesions (PPL)s and for improving diagnostic accuracy was evaluated in this study. EBUS-GS-guided TBB was performed in 24 patients with 24 PPLs of < or =30 mm in diameter (average diameter=18.4 mm). A 20-MHz radial-type ultrasound probe, cov...

An analysis of the local processes occurring in a trickle-bed bioreactor (TBB) with a first-order bioreaction shows that the identification of the TBB operating regime requires knowledge of the substrate concentration in the liquid phase. If the substrate liquid concentration is close to 0, the rate-controlling step is mass transfer at the gas-liquid interface; when it is close to the value in ...

Targeting protein kinases as a therapeutic approach to treat various diseases, especially cancer is currently a fast growing business. Although many inhibitors are available, exhibiting remarkable potency, the major challenge is their selectivity. Here we show that the protein kinase CK2 inhibitors DMAT, TBB and resorufin differ in their selectivity against PI3K family members, since PI3K and D...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Patients with pulmonary hypertension (PH) are considered to be at risk for complications associated with flexible bronchoscopy (FB), but data concerning the degree of PH are often lacking. We investigated whether COPD patients with PH who undergo bronchoscopy are at greater risk for complications. METHODS This prospective study included 207 consecutive COPD patients u...

Due to the small amount of alveolar tissue in transbronchial biopsy (TBB) by forceps, the diagnosis of diffuse, parenchymal lung diseases (DPLD) is inherently problematic, with an overall low yield. The use of cryotechnique in bronchoscopy, including TBB by cryoprobe, has revealed new opportunities in the endoscopical diagnosis of malignant and non-malignant lung diseases. To evaluate TBB by cr...