Mitochondrial dysfunctions contribute to neurodegeneration, the locations of which vary among neurodegenerative diseases. To begin to understand what mechanisms may underlie higher vulnerability of the spinal cord motor neurons in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, compared with brain mitochondria, we studied three major functions of rat brain mitochondria (BM) and spinal cord mitochondria (SCM) mi...

background and aims. the aim of present study was to investigate pulp-dentin complex reactions following direct pulp capping (dpc) with calcium hydroxide [ca(oh)2] and simvastatin as pulp-capping materials in the primary human molars. materials and methods. 120 primary molar teeth which had to be extracted for orthodontic reasons were randomly allocated into four groups. group ι as a control, u...

Background: It is well known that the development of brain oxidative stress is one of the most serious complications of arterial hypertension that evokes brain tissue damage. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of atorvastatin treatment (20 mg/kg/day), as an antioxidant, to prevent the brain tissue oxidative stress in the hypertensive (HTN) rats. Methods: Experiments were performed...

background: a powerful and improved technique, proton induced x-ray emission (pixe) has been performed-yielding the elemental composition of 17 samples of surgically excised malignant and normal tumors of breast tissue. the samples without any further process as thick targets were put on capton foil backing. there are no homogenizing processes. the pixe spectra analysis was performed using he n...

Calcium-imaging is a sensitive method for monitoring calcium dynamics during neuronal activity. As intracellular calcium concentration is correlated to physiological and pathophysiological activity of neurons, calcium imaging with fluorescent indicators is one of the most commonly used techniques in neuroscience today. Current methodologies for loading calcium dyes into the tissue require prolo...

The effects of verapamil (1 mg/liter, 2 x 10(-6) mol/liter), quiescence, and cardioplegia (K+ 16 mmol/liter, Mg2+ 16 mmol/liter) on calcium exchange and mechanical function during ischemia and reperfusion have been investigated in the rabbit interventricular septum at 32 degrees C. Calcium influx and efflux were recorded continuously with 47Ca2+ and 45Ca2+. After 60 minutes of total ischemia an...

This work is aimed to give an electrochemical insight into the ionic transport phenomena in cellular environment of organized brain tissue. The Nernst–Planck–Poisson (NPP) model presented, and its applications description electrodiffusion relevant nanoscale neurophysiology are reviewed. These include: signal propagation neurons, liquid junction potential extracellular space, ion channels, elect...

Polyclonal isoenzyme-specific antisera were developed against four calcium-independent protein kinase C (PKC) isoenzymes (delta, epsilon, epsilon', and zeta) as well as the calcium-dependent isoforms (alpha, beta I, beta II, and gamma). These antisera showed high specificities, high titers, and high binding affinities (3-370 nM) for the peptide antigens to which they were raised. Each antiserum...

background: the aim of this work was to establish how well gel dosimeters performed, as substitutes for brain tissue compared with standard phantom materials such as water, polymethyl-methacrylate (or pmma), a150 plastic and te- liquid phantom material for dosimetry of neutron beams in boron neutron capture therapy. materials and methods: thermal neutron fluence, photon dose and epithermal neut...

This study aimed to explore and validate a new juvenile osteopenic (JO) rat model then examine the efficacy of moghat (Glossostemon bruguieri) as an alternative reversal therapy for JO. Phytochemical screening analysis showed that moghat contains 5.8% alkaloids, 1.5% flavonoids and 13.2% total phenols. Juvenile osteopenia was induced in 15 days old Sprague- Dawley female rats by feeding them fr...