Fertilization in vivo is a complex process consisting of six steps, namely, penetration of the cumulus complex, binding of the sperm to the zona pellucida, fusion of oocyte and sperm, oocyte activation, sperm remodelling, and formation of the pronuclei. Since ICSI bypasses the first three steps any problem related to fertilization failure after ICSI arises from oocyte activation onwards. Accord...

this is the first report implementing combined density gradient centrifugation/zeta (dgc/zeta) sperm selection procedure for a couple with eleven previous intra cytoplasmic sperm injection/ in vitro fertilization (icsi/ivf) failure cycles. semen analysis was carried out according to world health organization criteria. protamine deficiency, dna fragmentation and morphology were assessed by chrom...

We report two cases of infertility treatment in couples where males suffered from Kartagener's syndrome (KS) and a total absence of motile sperm in the ejaculate. A total of three ICSI cycles was carried out. In all cycles, viable ejaculated or testicular spermatozoa were selected using the hypo-osmotic swelling (HOS) test. Case 1: In the first ICSI cycle total fertilization failure occurred af...

This is the first report implementing combined density gradient centrifugation/Zeta (DGC/Zeta) sperm selection procedure for a couple with eleven previous intra cytoplasmic sperm injection/ in vitro fertilization (ICSI/IVF) failure cycles. Semen analysis was carried out according to World Health Organization criteria. Protamine deficiency, DNA fragmentation and morphology were assessed by chrom...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of maternal age on fertilization, embryo quality, and clinical pregnancy in patients undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using testicular sperm from partners with azoospermia. METHODS A total of 416 ICSI cycles using testicular spermatozoa from partners with obstructive azoospermia (OA, n=301) and non-obstructive azo...

OBJECTIVE The decision to use in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), or split insemination (IVF-ICSI) in the first cycle is based on the number of motile sperm. Hence, total fertilization failure (TFF) often occurs during IVF cycles, despite normozoospermia. To investigate whether the cumulative motile swim-up spermatozoa percentage at 22 hours post-insemination ...

a:4:{s:10:"Background";s:363:"The largest percentage of failed in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles are due to lack of implantation. As hereditary thrombophilia can cause in placentation failure, it may have a role in recurrent IVF failure. The aim of this case-control study was to determine whether or not hereditary thrombophilia is more prevalent in women with recurrent IVF failures.";s:19:"Ma...

  Purpose: Estrogen as a crucial hormone during pregnancy acts by two types of receptors.   Estrogen receptor alpha, expressed by estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene, is more abundant and   exists in all human reproductive systems. Association of ESR1 gene polymorphism has been   shown in some reproductive fields such as spontaneous abortion, endometriosis-related infertility   and in vitro fertili...