Traditional medicine (TM) has been described by the World Health Organisation (WHO) as one of the surest alternative means to achieve total health care coverage of the world’s population. In most African societies, traditional medicine plays an important role in the lives of millions who cannot access western medicine. In some areas, TM is part of the first set of response mechanisms for medica...

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In his 1893 work The Division of Labor in Society, Durkheim examined how social order was maintained in different types of societies. He focused on the division of labor, and examined how it differed in traditional societies and modern societies. Authors before him such as Herbert Spencer and Ferdinand Toennies had argued that societies evolved much like living organisms, moving from a simple s...

Theoretical explanations about human rights or democracy and economic development have long been dominated by the so-called Lipset-hypothesis, in whichwhereby the levels of democracy and human rights is are a function of prosperity. However, cross-country evidence seems to indicate that multiple equilibria are more probable than a simple linear relationship. The This paper explains the occurren...

This commentary is intended to contextualise and expand upon Hansjoerg Strohmeyer’s article in this issue of the University of New South Wales Law Journal on post-conflict reconstruction of the judicial system in East Timor.* 1 In this commentary, I provide a brief overview of the history of United Nations (‘UN’) involvement in the governance of post-conflict societies generally, and describe s...

American political opinion.?Politicians of America are opposed to socialized medicine. We reproduce selected points from the address by Congressman Otto Passman given at the annual meeting of the Louisiana State Medical Society (Passman, 1951) : (1) Certainly the doctors are numbered among the most learned and outstanding citizens. (2) It is stated without reservation that the nation is in grav...

BACKGROUND The American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) and the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology (ESHRE) are the two largest societies in the world whose members comprise the major experts and professionals working in the field of reproductive medicine and embryology. These societies have never before had a joint scientific meeting. METHODS A 3-day meeting was pl...

In formerly socialist societies the state has dominated sites like museums viewed as critical for producing a national past, but in the case of the Russian Federation these same institutions often are being utilized now to critically examine the past. For many in the emerging market economy of the Russian Federation, formerly state-dominated sites like museums have become important economic res...

Intent and mitigating circumstances play a central role in moral and legal assessments in large-scale industrialized societies. Although these features of moral assessment are widely assumed to be universal, to date, they have only been studied in a narrow range of societies. We show that there is substantial cross-cultural variation among eight traditional small-scale societies (ranging from h...

Some theoreticians argue that the stability of liberalism is to a large extent an outcome of a continued existence of traditional and other forms of life in communities, which are able to slow down or hinder the immoderate expansion of individualism, but that liberal societies are liable to destroy that foundation of their stability. However, liberal society cannot allow the destruction of the ...