[1] Imaging of seismic velocity discontinuities along a 3000 km profile across central South America at 20 S suggests that the depth variations of the 410-km (d410) and 660-km (d660) discontinuities are closely associated with the high-velocity Nazca slab and juxtaposed low-velocity oceanic mantle beneath the slab. The mantle transition zone thickness ranges from 220 km in the oceanic mantle to...

BACKGROUND The answers to patient reported outcome measures and global transition questions for back pain can be discordant. For example, the most commonly used outcome measure in back pain trials, the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), can show improvement even though participants say that their back pain is worse. This gives cause for concern as transition questions are used as an...

light is never being distributed homogeneously and it forms a gradient over biomass. the unidirectional nature of light gives rise to a vertical gradient of light intensity as a function of depth. the maximum depth of the light zone suitable for phytoplankton photosynthesis is designated as the euphotic depth. this study was designed to test the hypothesis of mixing depth of phytoplankton and i...

Receiver functions derived from teleseismic body waves recorded by ocean-bottom seismometers on the southern East Pacific Rise reveal shear waves converted from compressional waves at the mantle discontinuities near 410- and 660-kilometer depth. The thickness of the mantle transition zone between the two discontinuities is normal relative to the global average and indicates that upwelling benea...

light is never being distributed homogeneously and it forms a gradient over biomass. the unidirectional nature of light gives rise to a vertical gradient of light intensity as a function of depth. the maximum depth of the light zone suitable for phytoplankton photosynthesis is designated as the euphotic depth. this study was designed to test the hypothesis of mixing depth of phytoplankton and i...

Transition systems with timing constraints are a well known abstract representation of real time systems. EEcient analysis of timed transition systems is therefore a basis for real time veriication. In this paper we introduce an algorithm for reachability analysis of timed transition systems with forced events which is based on an intuitive concept of constraint evaluation. During a depth-rst s...

We propose a new boundary-driven phase transition associated with vortex nucleation in mesoscopic superconductors (of size of the order of, or larger than, the penetration depth). We derive the rescaling equations and we show that boundary effects associated with vortex nucleation lower the conventional transition temperature in mesoscopic superconductors by an amount which is a function of the...

Large-scale privatization was at the core of economic reform in most transition economies, except China, in the 1990’s. Privatization creates special challenges for multinational investors acquiring firms in the process. Such acquisitions differ from conventional acquisitions due to the constraints imposed on strategic action by the privatization context, the depth of subsequent restructuring, ...