Benign tumors of the esophagus are uncommon, representing <0.5% of esophageal tumors. Fibrolipomas are a subset of benign fibrovascular tumors, which present with dysphagia, odynophagia, and substernal fullness. These intraluminal tumors can become elongated and molded into a long pedunculated polyp by constant peristaltic movements. They can cause esophageal obstruction if large and long enoug...

Introduction: Various surgical approaches to parapharyngeal space (PPS) tumors are introduced to obtain complete removal with the preservation of the surrounding structures in parapharyngealneoplasms. Here, we will discuss the main techniques and their outcome.   Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 78 patients undergone either transoral, tran...

can also be performed without the use of general anesthesia in many instances. A transoral flexible endoscopic approach successfully reduces cricopharyngeal sphincter pressure [6] . The septum can be divided with a variety of cutting instruments and accessories. It is unknown whether a transoral flexible endoscopic approach will show longterm results compared to rigid surgical therapy for long-...

Jehovah's Witness patients pose a unique surgical challenge due to their refusal of transfusion of whole blood or major blood products. One of the surgical strategies is to offer the least invasive approach with the least likelihood of losing blood. In the context of surgical treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease, endoluminal approaches such as transoral incisionless fundoplication repre...

OBJECTIVE Most thyroid surgery in North America is completed via a cervical incision, which leaves a permanent scar. Approaches without cutaneous incisions offer aesthetic advantages. This series represents the largest series of transoral vestibular approaches to the central neck in North America, and the first published reports of robotic transoral vestibular thyroidectomy for thyroid carcinom...

Coding CPT 43201 Esophagoscopy, flexible, transoral; with directed submucosal injection(s), any substance 43210 Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, flexible, transoral; with esophagogastric fundoplasty, partial or complete, includes duodenoscopy when performed 43236 Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, flexible, transoral; with directed submucosal injection(s), any substance 43257 Esophagogastroduodenoscopy, fl...