The elimination of triamcinolone acetonide after intra-articular administration varied widely among horses. Detection of triamcinolone in plasma samples from horses on day 10 post-triamcinolone acetonide administration suggests careful use of this drug before performance. Authors’ addresses: K.L. Maddy Equine Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, University of California, West Health Science Drive, ...

In the title compound, C(13)H(22)O(4), the acetonide ring adopts an envelope conformation with one of the O atoms as the flap atom, whereas a twisted conformation is found for the furan-ose ring. Centrosymmetric eight-membered {⋯OCOH}(2) synthons involving the hydr-oxy H and acetonide O atoms are found in the crystal structure. These are linked into a supra-molecular chain in the a-axis directi...

PURPOSE To compare intravitreous bevacizumab to other current treatments of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and hemisphere retinal vein occlusion (HRVO) with consideration to visual outcome, cost, convenience, and risk of treatment. METHODS This is a retrospective chart review from a large referral retina practice. The data comprise 56 patients with BRVO and HRVO treated by intravitreous...

1. Danis RP, Ciulla TA, Pratt LM, Anliker W. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in exudative age-related macular degeneration. Retina. 2000;20:244-250. 2. Martidis A, Duker JS, Greenberg PB, et al. Intravitreal triamcinolone for refractory diabetic macular edema. Ophthalmology. 2002;109:920927. 3. Park CH, Jaffe GJ, Fekrat S. Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide in eyes with cystoid macular e...

This article reviews the new clinically relevant data regarding the intraocular treatment of non-infectious uveitis. Triamcinolone acetonide is the most commonly used intravitreal corticosteroid for treatment of uveitis and uveitic macular oedema. The drug is available at low cost but it is associated with a high risk of raised intraocular pressure (IOP) and cataract and is not licensed for int...

A novel chemical tool compound that is an antagonist of brassinolide (BL, 1)-induced rice lamina joint inclination was developed. Although 2-O-, 3-O-, 22-O-, or 23-O-methylation of BL causes a critical decrease in biological activity,(5) a crystal structure of the extracellular leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domain of BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE I (BRI1) bound to BL(3,4) indicates that the loss of a...

The eye is a model organ for the local delivery of therapeutics. This proves beneficial when treating vitreous inflammation and other ophthalmic pathologies. The chronicity of certain diseases, however, limits the effectiveness of locally administered drugs. To maintain such treatments often requires frequent office visits and can result in increased risk of infection and toxicity to the patien...

Diabetic macular edema (DME) remains one of the leading causes of moderate to severe vision loss. Although laser photocoagulation was the standard of care for several years, few patients achieved significant improvements in visual acuity. As a result, several pharmacotherapies and surgeries have been investigated. The fluocinolone acetonide devices are one of the latest therapies considered for...

Diabetic macular edema (DME) is a leading cause of blindness in the working population. Herein, we report the case of a patient with recurrent DME for about 6 years, uncontrolled by several medical and surgical treatments, that was successfully treated with a single sustained-release fluocinolone acetonide intravitreal implant in her right eye. The affected eye had presented a visual acuity of ...

Purpose: To review the relationship between kinetics, efficacy, and safety of several corticosteroid formulations for the treatment of diabetic macular edema. Methods: Reports of corticosteroid use for the treatment of diabetic macular edema were identified by a literature search, which focused on the pharmacokinetics, efficacy, and safety of these agents in preclinical animal models and clinic...