Trifolium spp. are native plants in Iran exhibiting good ground cover po-tential. Salinity is a major environmental stress and today, 20% of the world cultivated areas and nearly half of all irrigated lands are affected by salinity. The main aim of this research was to study morphological and physiological adaptations of these native species under different salinity levels for urban landscape u...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Current agricultural practices are based on growing monocultures or binary mixtures over large areas, with a resultant impoverishing effect on biodiversity at several trophic levels. The effects of increasing the biodiversity of a sward mixture on dry matter yield and unsown species invasion were studied. METHODS A field experiment involving four grassland species [two gra...

this study was conducted in order to sustainable conservation and utilization of trifolium genetic resources. a total of 1333 accessions of trifolium under 32 species from 27 provinces were collected according to ipgri descriptors. collected germplasms are conserved in mid- and long-term conservation at national plant gene bank of iran. statistical parameters of tendency to center and dispersio...

Mutualisms are key determinants of community assembly and composition, but urbanization can alter the dynamics these interactions associated effects on ecosystem functions. Legume–rhizobia mutualisms a model interaction to evaluate ecological ecosystem-level urbanization, particularly urban-driven eutrophication nitrogen (N) deposition. Here, we evaluated how affected ecology mutualism between ...

Over the past decades rapid growth in industrial and agricultural activities, waste disposal and etc., have significantly contributed to extensive soil contamination. Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) are one of the most common groups of persistent organic contaminants. To date, many developing countries like Iran have almost completely relinquished remediation of oil-polluted soils due to th...