The increasing popularity of the Semantic Web drove to a widespread adoption of Description Logics (DLs) for modeling real world domains. To help the diffusion of DLs, a large number of reasoning algorithms have been developed. Usually these algorithms are implemented in procedural languages such as Java or C++. Most of the reasoners exploit the tableau algorithm which has to manage non-determi...

The aim of this study was to determine age of acquisition of the alveolar trill /r/ in typically developing Croatian children and to describe developmental renditions of the target phoneme – age of their occurrence and suppression. The study included 600 participants aged between 3 and 7. Speech elicitation was conducted by a picturenaming task in which target phoneme was represented in initial...

Older males tend to have a competitive advantage over younger males in sexual selection. Therefore, it is expected that signals used in sexual selection change with age. Although song repertoire size in songbirds is often mentioned as an age-related trait, many species, including the banded wren (Thryothorus pleurostictus), do not increase their repertoires after the first year. Here, we show t...

This single-subject case study evaluates effects of treatment of a complex onset on the sound system of a monolingual Spanish-speaking child (female, aged 3;9) with phonological delay. Pre-treatment, the child excluded all consonant+liquid clusters, as well as tap /[symbol: see text]/ and trill /r/. Immediately following training on /f[symbol: see text]-/ in non-words, the child generalized acr...

This memo defines a portion of the Management Information Base (MIB) for use with network management protocols. In particular, it defines objects for managing a Routing Bridge (RBridge), also known as a TRILL Switch, based on the IETF TRILL (Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links) protocol. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on i...

This paper discusses the phonetic and phonological features of a typologically rare prestopped bilabial trill and some associated evolving sound changes in the phonology of Sangtam, a Tibeto-Burman language of central Nagaland, north-east India. Prestopped bilabial trills were encountered in two dozen words of a 500-item corpus and found to be in phonemic contrast with all other members of the ...

Objectives: Biofeedback therapy is a training technique that has positive effect on the voice. In order to conduct resonant voice or tube phonation more effectively, it important for patient feel vibration sensation in specific part of facial structures. Therefore, this study, clinical basis was presented by quantifying site and magnitude using sensors during various semi-occluded vocal tract p...

The IETF Transparent Interconnection of Lots of Links (TRILL) base protocol (RFC 6325) specifies minimal hooks to safely support TRILL Header extensions. This document specifies an initial extension providing additional flag bits and specifies some of those bits. It updates RFC 6325. Information about the current status of this document, any errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obta...

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to describe changes in aerodynamic and electroglottographic (EGG) measures immediately after completing three semi-occluded vocal tract (SOVT) exercises. STUDY DESIGN Prospective case series. METHODS Aerodynamic and EGG measurements were obtained before and immediately after performing three SOVTs (straw phonation, lip trill, and tongue trill) in four...