Tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs) are atypical presentations of various demyelinating diseases. They can mimic brain tumors in their clinical and radiological features and usually respond favorably to corticosteroid therapy. We report a case of a 17-year-old girl with a single TDL suddenly increasing in size even under steroid therapy. She underwent very strict follow-up examinations wit...

Tumefactive demyelinating lesions are a rare presentation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Diagnosis of tumefactive is commonly carried out using magnetic resonance image (MRI). Tumefactive diagnosis is difficult because of may similar to the clinical and MRI characteristics of glioma or a cerebral abscess. We presented a 35-years-old female with one episode of secondary generalized seizure after de...

Introduction: Submandibular region is surgically significant in the head and neck field and a mass in this region may have multiple differential diagnoses.   Case Report: An elderly man came with a single 4×2.5 cm swelling in the neck on the right side, just below the lower jaw, since one month. Ultrasound showed an irregular heterogeneous hypoechoic les...

INTRODUCTION Differential diagnosis of a cerebral lesion can prove to be a very challenging task for the treating physician. Many non-neoplastic neurological diseases can mimic brain neoplasms on neuroimaging. CASE PRESENTATION A previously healthy 23-year-old male, presented with blurred vision to the Emergency Department of our Hospital. After initial clinical and serological examination, h...

Introduction. Observation of open-ring enhancement in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is considered a specificity marker for diagnosing pseudotumoral multiple sclerosis (MS). This finding is of great value in the differential diagnosis of tumefactive lesions. Case Report. We describe a 55-year-old white woman, with previous history of ovarian cancer and recent history of fatigue and bilateral ...

Isolated gastric IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a very rare tumefactive inflammatory condition, with only a few cases reported to date. A 48-year-old woman was incidentally found to have a subepithelial tumor in the stomach. Given a presumptive diagnosis of gastrointestinal stromal tumor or neuroendocrine tumor, she underwent wedge resection. The lesion was vaguely nodular and mainly involve...

INTRODUCTION Tumefactive multiple sclerosis is a demyelinating disease that demonstrates tumor-like features on magnetic resonance imaging. Although diagnostic challenges without biopsy have been tried by employing radiological studies and cerebrospinal fluid examinations, histological investigation is still necessary for certain diagnosis in some complicated cases. CASE PRESENTATION A 37-yea...

Schilder’s disease is a rare sporadic demyelinating disease of the brain. We report a girl with Schilder’s disease who had undergone Kasai operation for biliary atresia. The patient presented with acute right hemiparesis. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a single large tumefactive white matter lesion. A diagnosis of Schilder’s disease was based on clinical features and MRI findings...

BACKGROUND Perivascular spaces (PVSs) or Virchow-Robin spaces in the brain are pial-lined interstitial fluid (ISF)-filled structures surrounding the penetrating arteries and arterioles. These spaces appear as 1- to 2-mm in diameter, round, oval, or curvilinear smooth-walled structures on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Typical PVSs are asymptomatic. Occasionally, they become enlarged and caus...

BACKGROUND Extramedullary hematopoiesis is the proliferation of hematopoietic cells outside bone marrow secondary to marrow hematopoiesis failure. Extramedullary hematopoiesis rarely presents as a mass-forming hepatic lesion; in this case, imaging-based differentiation from primary and metastatic hepatic neoplasms is difficult, often leading to biopsy for definitive diagnosis. We report a case ...