Abstract Ever since the disintegration of Soviet Union in 1991, “human rights” has been a contentious term states post-Soviet Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan). Whereas all Asian are parties to major multilateral human rights instruments, significant problems persist. Issues such as rule law, gender inequality, domestic violence, freedom press, elec...

Global agricultural lands are becoming saline because of human activities that have affected crop production and food security worldwide. In this study, the spatiotemporal variability soil electrical conductivity (EC) in Central Asia was evaluated based on high-resolution multi-year predicted EC data, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land cover product, precipitation, refer...

Abstract Quantifying and mapping trans‐boundary ecosystem service (ES) flows can help identify dependencies responsibilities for promoting economic development environmental sustainability between nations, but few studies have focused on ES beyond national boundaries. Our case‐study region—Central Asia—hosts one of the largest dryland areas in world, this is vulnerable to climate variability an...

having a rentier economy dependent on natural gas exports, turkmenistan was administered as a dictatorship under saparmurat niyazov after it gained independence from the soviet :union:. it also pursued a foreign policy based on non-participation in any international alliance and pact. this paper studies turkmenistan's domestic and foreign policies under his successor president berdimuhamed...

A large outbreak of poliomyelitis, with 463 laboratory-confirmed and 47 polio-compatible cases, took place in 2010 in Tajikistan. Phylogenetic analysis of the viral VP1 gene suggested a single importation of wild poliovirus type 1 from India in late 2009, its further circulation in Tajikistan and expansion into neighbouring countries, namely Kazakhstan, Russia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan. Whol...

With China and Russia acting more assertively vis-à-vis Central Asia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan have gradually moved to the core of contemporary Eurasian geopolitics – albeit varying degrees. The European Union (EU) has purposefully sought promote its norms values in region for quite some time past. However, considering ongoing Western “polycrisis” exacerbated...

Identifying and mobilizing useful genetic variation from germplasm banks to breeding programs is an important strategy for sustaining crop genetic improvement. The molecular diversity of 1,423 spring bread wheat accessions representing major global production environments was investigated using high quality genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS) loci, and gene-based markers for various adaptive and qua...

Central Asia consists of the five former Soviet States Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan, therefore comprising an area of ~4 Mio km2. The continental climate is characterized by hot and dry summer months and cold winter seasons with most precipitation occurring as snowfall. Accordingly, freshwater supply is strongly depending on the amount of accumulated snow as w...

Species of the genus Singilis Rambur, 1837 (Phloeozeteus Peyron, 1856, syn. n., Agatus Motschulsky, 1845, syn. n.), occurring in the Middle East and Central Asia are reviewed, with 24 species now recognized in the region, including ten species described as new: Singilis makarovisp. n. (Tajikistan), Singilis jedlickaisp. n. (Afghanistan), Singilis kolesnichenkoisp. n. (Iran), Singilis kabakovisp...

regarding islamic conferece organization's aim to establish a common market among islamic countries and expedite the establishment of regional commercial ties, various islamiic countries have been divided into five groups according to their regions. in the meanwhile this research seeks to investigate the establishment of regional commercial ties between iran and central asian countries due...