Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (HSDHs) are from two superfamilies of short-chain dehydrogenase (SDR) and aldo–keto reductase (AKR). The HSDHs were summarized classified according to their structural functional differences. A typical pair enzymes, 7α–hydroxysteroid (7α–HSDH) 7β–hydroxysteroid (7β–HSDH), have been reported before. Molecular docking 7-keto–lithocholic acid(7–KLA) the binary 7β–HSDH...

Synergistic investigations of the reactions catalyzed by several members of an enzyme superfamily provide a more complete understanding of the relationships between structure and function than is possible from focused studies of a single enzyme alone. The crotonase (or enoyl-CoA hydratase) superfamily is such an example whereby members catalyze a wide range of metabolic reactions but share a co...

The major facilitator superfamily represents the largest group of secondary active membrane transporters in the cell. The 3.3A resolution structure of a member of this protein superfamily, the glycerol-3-phosphate transporter from the Escherichia coli inner membrane, reveals two domains connected by a long central loop. These N- and C-terminal domains, each containing a six-helix bundle, are re...

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), a member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily, is myelin protein expressed at outermost lamellae sheaths and oligodendrocytes (OGD) memb...

The New Zealand taxa of the superfamily Empidoidea (minus Dolichopodidae) are briefly summarized. Two species, Hilara ranui n. sp. and Hilarempis motumaka (Diptera: Empididae: Empidinae), from Auckland Islands Zealand, where they appear to be common, described. Both species show a homoplastic loss or reversal swollen, silk-producing, fore basitarsi characteristic males in their respective gener...

MurG is an essential glycosyltransferase that forms the glycosidic linkage between N-acetyl muramyl pentapeptide and N-acetyl glucosamine in the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. This enzyme is a member of a major superfamily of NDP-glycosyltransferases for which no x-ray structures containing intact substrates have been reported. Here we present the 2.5-A crystal structure of Escherichi...

Physiological functions and characteristic structures of the serpin gene superfamily have been studied extensively, yet the evolution of the serpin genes remains unclear. Gene duplication in this superfamily may shed light on this issue. Two models are used to predict the preservation of duplicated genes: the classical model and the duplication-degeneration-complementation (DDC) model. In this ...