The middle ear ossicles are important due to transmission of sound to the inner ear leading to sound understanding. The aim of present study was to determine the anatomical and morphometrical aspects of middle ear ossicles in Makouei sheep fetuses. For this experimental study, eight sheep fetuses at the age of 2 to 3 months were provided from public slaughterhouse; their middle ear ossicles wer...

Intramembranous tympanic membrane cholesterol granuloma (CG) occurs infrequently. Here, the authors report a case of CG in the tympanic membrane presenting as a blue eardrum in the right ear. In addition, a pinhole perforation noted in the anterosuperior area revealed a brown discharge. High-resolution temporal bone CT showed a bulging mass shadow in the middle ear and a soft tissue dense lesio...

The advantages and limitations of the microscope have defined postauricular access as the surgical intervention of choice for the treatment of diseases of the middle ear. The wide-angle view provided by the endoscope enables transcanal access to the tympanic cavity, and its otherwise difficult-to-reach extensions: The attic, sinus tympani, facial recess, and hypotympanum. These areas are the pr...

Accurate sound source localization in three-dimensional space is essential for an animal's orientation and survival. While the horizontal position can be determined by interaural time and intensity differences, localization in elevation was thought to require external structures that modify sound before it reaches the tympanum. Here we show that in birds even without external structures like pi...

A 6-year-old girl with Down syndrome was referred to our team for joint management. She was having severe speech and language difficulties. Her hearing was assessed, and the pure tone audiometry showed a moderate conductive hearing loss (40 dB) in the left ear and profound hearing loss in the right ear. A CT scan and MRI of temporal bone (Figs. 1 and 2) revealed a hypodense mass in the left tym...

In lesser waxmoths Achroia grisella, pair formation and female mate choice involve very fine discrimination of male ultrasonic signals. Female A. grisella prefer male signals with longer pulses and longer ;asynchrony intervals', and evaluate differences in these characteristics in the range of 80-260 mus. The first step in the evaluation of these characteristics is the tympanic transmission of ...

Nasopharyngeal polyps are non-neoplastic masses, originating from the mucosa of the nasopharynx, the tympanic bulla or the Eustachian tube. Inflammatory polyps extending into the tympanic bulla cavity are a common cause of otitis media in cats. In dogs, however, occurrence of middle ear polyps has rarely been reported. The present report describes the findings of the clinical examination, diagn...

in this research, anatomical descriptions of the structure of the temporal bone and auditory ossicles have been performed based on dissection of ten guinea pigs. the results showed that, in guinea pig temporal bone was similar to other animals and had three parts; squamous, tympanic and petrous .the tympanic part was much better developed and consisted of oval shaped tympanic bulla with many re...

INTRODUCTION THE tympanic membrane of the adult frog is divisible into three histologically distinct parts, viz. an inner epithelial layer, continuous with the mucous membrane of the tympanic cavity, the former being closely applied to a thin lamina propria conforming in shape and area to that of the annular tympanic cartilage to which it is attached at its peripheral borders. The third and out...

AIM The objective of the present study was to analyse the causes behind reperforation of the tympanic membrane in the patients presenting with chronic otitis media (mesotympanitis) after type I--III intrameatal tympanoplasty. Characteristic of the patients and methods of investigation. Intrameatal type I--III tympanoplasty with the use of autotransplants was performed in 652 patients presenting...