BACKGROUND The incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis, a common infection among healthy women primarily caused by the yeast Candida albicans, has increased significantly in recent years. AIMS The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of ravuconazole (RVC) and fluconazole (FLC) in the treatment of experimental C. albicans vaginitis. METHODS Forty isolates of C. albicans were scree...

This paper presents a new Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) having the ability to support fractional polynomial membership functions. These functions are general forms of triangular and trapezoidal membership functions, and also those functions which are used in linguistic hedge FLC (LHFLC). A two-input, single-output Takagi–Sugeno–Kang (TSK) type 0 FLC is designed in 0.35 μm standard CMOS process. ...

The acceleration of flowering by a long period of low temperature, vernalization, is an adaptation that ensures plants overwinter before flowering. Vernalization induces a developmental state that is mitotically stable, suggesting that it may have an epigenetic basis. The VERNALIZATION2 (VRN2) gene mediates vernalization and encodes a nuclear-localized zinc finger protein with similarity to Pol...

As triazole antifungal drug resistance during invasive Aspergillus fumigatus infection has become more prevalent, the need to understand mechanisms of resistance in A. fumigatus has increased. The presence of two erg11 (cyp51) genes in Aspergillus spp. is hypothesized to account for the inherent resistance of this mold to the triazole fluconazole (FLC). Recently, an A. fumigatus null mutant of ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In this study, we evaluated the diagnostic and prognostic significance of cerebrospinal fluid free light chains (CSF FLC) at the time of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). METHODS We compared FLC-parameters at the moment of CIS in patients with conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) after 2 years (CIS-MS), patients who remained stable both clinically and radiologicall...

Of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma, approximately 10% have dialysis-dependent acute renal failure, with cast nephropathy, caused by monoclonal free light chains (FLC). Of these, 80 to 90% require long-term renal replacement therapy. Early treatment by plasma exchange reduces serum FLC concentrations, but randomized, controlled trials have shown no evidence of renal recovery. This...

The aim of this work was to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of flucytosine (5FC) resistance and 5FC/fluconazole (FLC) cross-resistance in 11 genetically and epidemiologically unrelated clinical isolates of Candida lusitaniae. We first showed that the levels of transcription of the FCY2 gene encoding purine-cytosine permease (PCP) in the isolates were similar to that in the wild-type strain, ...

The autonomous floral promotion pathway plays a key role in the regulation of flowering in rapid-cycling Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) by providing constitutive repression of the floral inhibitor FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC). As a result, autonomous pathway mutants contain elevated levels of FLC and are late flowering. Winter annual Arabidopsis, in contrast, contain functional alleles of FRIGID...

Loss-of-function siz1 mutations caused early flowering under short days. siz1 plants have elevated salicylic acid (SA) levels, which are restored to wild-type levels by expressing nahG, bacterial salicylate hydroxylase. The early flowering of siz1 was suppressed by expressing nahG, indicating that SIZ1 represses the transition to flowering mainly through suppressing SA-dependent floral promotio...

This paper represents the design procedures of different compensation schemes for voltage mode controlled (VMC) dc–dc switching converters. Proportional integral derivative (PID) controllers, Fuzzy logic controllers (FLC), parallel combination of PID and FLC, and FLC tuned by PI controller have been investigated. MATLAB software is used to depict the buck converter performance with each compens...