Typhoid fever causes significant biochemical changes and hepatic complications. As many studies have indicated several biochemical parameters that are involved in developing the risk of typhoid fever. The current study was designed to evaluate these risk factors in general Pakistani population. Serum biochemistry and liver enzymes were studied to investigate the relationship of these risk facto...

Travelers returning from the tropics with fever remain a diagnostic challenge. Fever and chills suggest malaria, but may be present in dengue, chikungunya and influenza, and splenomegaly favors malaria or typhoid fever. In terms of laboratory tests, leukopenia suggests dengue fever, chikungunya fever or influenza. Atypical lymphocytes are present in malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya fever and ...

AIM To determine clinical, and therapeutic characteristics, and antibiotic susceptibility test results for typhoid fever. METHODS A retrospective study using data from medical records of all typhoid fever subjects which is confirmed by blood culture positive for S. typhi or S. paratyphi. This study was performed to determine clinical, laboratory, and therapeutic characteristics. Statistical a...

This report deals with a young man who developed features of haemophogocytosis during the course of typhoid fever. The pertinent clinical and laboratory features of typhoid-associated haemophagocytosis are discussed. The need for blood component replacement therapy in addition to specific anti-microbials to treat haemophagocytosis complicating typhoid fever is stressed.

We analysed the data from the control group in a typhoid vaccine trial in Karachi to assess the differences in individual-, household- and cluster-level characteristics for developing typhoid fever. The annual incidence of typhoid in children aged 2-16 years in the control arm of the vaccine trial was 151/100 000 population. After adjustment, the risk of typhoid was lower with increasing age [r...

Typhoid fever is a bacterial infection caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica subspecies serovar Typhi (S. Typhi), prevalent in many low- and middle-income countries. In high-income territories, typhoid predominantly travel-related, consequent to travel typhoid-endemic regions; however, data show that level of vaccination travellers low. Successful management using antibiotic...

Gastric acid secretion was studied in 20 patients with typhoid fever (Group A), ten patients with fever other than typhoid (Group B), and ten healthy adults of matched age and sex (Group C). Patients with typhoid showed reduced acid secretion at the time of fever and one week after subsidence of fever as compared to Group C. In uncomplicated patients (Group A1), these values rose thereafter but...

Typhoid fever is one of the few bacterial infections in humans where bone marrow evaluation is routinely recommended. However, the morphological aspect of typhoid fever in bone marrow has been rarely described in the literature. We describe a 25-year-old male patient who presented with prolonged fever suspected to be of tubercular etiology. Bone marrow examination showed well-formed histiocytic...

INTRODUCTION Although typhoid fever is confirmed by culture of Salmonella Typhi, Widal test is widely used in India but little information exists about its reliability. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the performance of Widal test in our hospital for diagnosis of typhoid fever in children. Hundred consecutive pediatric in-patients for whom, the Widal test was requested were grouped into fou...

Salmonella enterica serotype typhi is the aetiological agent of typhoid fever, a multisystemic disease with protean manifestations and initial lesions in the bowel. Typhoid fever still remains a major public health problem in developing countries even in the twenty first century (Lin et al., 2000; Otegbayo et al., 2003). This was also the case in America and Europe three centuries ago, until me...