Accurate dry weight assessment is difficult in pediatric hemodialysis patients but is essential to prevent chronic fluid overload, hypertension, and cardiovascular morbidity. A noninvasive monitoring (NIVM) of hematocrit-guided ultrafiltration algorithm was studied prospectively in 20 pediatric hemodialysis patients. The algorithm targeted the first 50% of total goal ultrafiltration to be remov...

Blood conservation strategies have become a standard of practice in cardiac surgery, with the use of antifibrinolytic agents and ultrafiltration two popular techniques. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of continuous ultrafiltration on e-aminocaproic acid (EACA) utilizing functional coagulation analysis. A fibrinolytic assay was developed to detect EACA using the thromboelas...

An on-line mass spectrometric method has been developed to generate and identify drug metabolites formed by hepatic cytochromes P450. This method, pulsed ultrafiltration-mass spectrometry, may be used for rapid screening of drugs to determine their extent of metabolism by microsomal cytochromes P450 and to characterize the primary metabolites. Rat liver microsomes were trapped in a stirred ultr...

Fluid overload (FO) is a common complication for pediatric patients in the intensive care unit. When conventional therapy fails, hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis is classically used for fluid removal. Unfortunately, these therapies are often associated with cardiovascular or respiratory instability. Ultrafiltration, using devices such as the Aquadex™ system (Baxter Healthcare, Deerfield, IL,...

A novel process involving a paper-based ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was developed via paper coating technology. The membrane employed a paper sheet as support layer and a coated thin film layer of adhesive. The proper selection of paper sheet support layer was crucial to the performance of the ultrafiltration membrane. A paper sheet with beating degree of 85SR and basis weight of 50g/m was ch...

An on-line mass spectrometric method has been developed to generate and identify drug metabolites formed by hepatic cytochromes P450. This method, pulsed ultrafiltration-mass spectrometry, may be used for rapid screening of drugs to determine their extent of metabolism by microsomal cytochromes P450 and to characterize the primary metabolites. Rat liver microsomes were trapped in a stirred ultr...

Qualitative assessments in long-term patients and in those with encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) have shown that impaired osmotic conductance is likely a factor contributing to the presence of ultrafiltration failure in those individuals. In the present study, we investigated the value of osmotic conductance, its components LpA and the reflection coefficient sigma, and free water transp...

Micropuncture studies of acute renal failure after ischemic renal injury suggest that glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient may remain normal in the period immediately after ischemia and decline significantly during the following 18-24 hours. The present series of in vitro experiments was designed to evaluate glomerular ultrafiltration coefficient and glomerular oncometric and rheological prop...

The integrity of the peritoneal membrane in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is of major importance for adequate dialysis and fluid balance. However, alterations in peritoneal fluid transport, such as ultrafiltration failure, often develop during long-term PD. To investigate peritoneal solute and fluid transport and to analyze the influence of treatment time, peritonitis incidence, and PD modality (con...