Three distinct groups of eclogites (low-Mg–Ti eclogites, high-Ti eclogites and Mg-rich eclogites) and ultramafic rocks from the depth interval of 100–680 m of the Chinese Continental Scientific Drill Hole were studied. The lowMg#s (=100⁎molar Mg/(Mg+Fe)) (81–84%) and low Ni (1150–1220 ppm) and high Fe2O3 total (13–15 wt.%) contents of ultramafic rocks suggest a cumulate origin. Mgrich eclogites...

Archean Quartzose Rocks at Akilia, Greenland Fedo and Whitehouse (1) presented data to support their hypothesis that granulite grade quartz magnetite rocks on the island of Akilia, southwest Greenland—which are conformably interposed with pyroxenite and hornblendite units that date from before 3830 million years ago (Ma) (2–4)—had a metasomatic ultramafic igneous origin. They offered that inter...

[1] One process for the formation of continental crust is the accretion of arc terranes at continental margins. A longstanding problem with this model is that although the composition of the continental crust is andesitic, the majority of arc lavas are basaltic. Moreover, those arc lavas that are andesitic tend to be evolved (lower Mg #) compared to the continental crust. Continental crust can ...

The occurrence and genesis of Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2 deposits associated with hyperalkaline groundwater from partly serpentinized ultramafic rocks in Northern Oman is reported. Two types of Ca(OH)2 deposit are differentiated; crystalline portlandite formed by the evaporation of Ca 2 + 2 O H spring waters, and a form of amorphous gel, not previously known in nature. The latter is a product of prese...

Ultramafic soils are originated from ultramafic rocks such as peridotite and serpentinite highly enriched in metals (e.g., Ni, Cr, Co) depleted plant nutrients P, K, Ca). Such characteristics make these unfavorable for agriculture have raised environmental concerns on metal release to the environment. From another perspective, host a diverse flora with higher endemism than surrounding non-ultra...

This paper provides the results on spinel sampled from ailikites of Bolshetagninskii massif East Sayan region. The study aimed to determine history formation ultramafic lamprophyres Ziminsky complex. Spinel three dikes with different mineral compositions groundmass but similar textural and structural features (BTG 2/21, TGK 3, BTG 6/21) was analyzed. content main elements microcomponents in det...

Alteration of ultramafic rocks plays a major role in the production of hydrocarbons and organic compounds via abiotic processes on Earth and beyond and contributes to the redistribution of C between solid and fluid reservoirs over geological cycles. Abiotic methanogenesis in ultramafic rocks is well documented at shallow conditions, whereas natural evidence at greater depths is scarce. Here we ...

Chromite is widely distributed in the east and southeast of Afghanistan, especially in Logar Province. Chromite mineralization is podiform-type and is hosted in the stratigraphically lowest ultramafic rocks of the Logar Ophiolite Complex. This ophiolite complex represents a remnant of an early Cretaceous oceanic crust that was thrusted over a late Permian to Mid-Jurassic platform-type sequence ...

To quantitatively convert upper mantle seismic wave speeds measured into temperature, density, composition, and corresponding uncertainty, we introduce the Whole-rock Interpretative Seismic Toolbox For Ultramafic Lithologies (WISTFUL). WISTFUL is underpinned by a database of 4,485 ultramafic whole-rock compositions, their calculated mineral modes, elastic moduli, over range pressure (P) tempera...