Understanding the intermolecular interactions between nucleotides and artificial receptors is crucial to understanding the role of nucleic acids in living systems. However, direct structural evidence showing precise interactions and bonding features of a nucleoside monophosphate (NMP) with a macrocycle-based synthetic molecule has not been provided so far. Herein, we present two novel crystal s...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Historically, mathematical models of human neurobehavioral performance developed on data from one sleep study were limited to predicting performance in similar studies, restricting their practical utility. We recently developed a unified model of performance (UMP) to predict the effects of the continuum of sleep loss-from chronic sleep restriction (CSR) to total sleep deprivati...

Since Bayesian network (BN) was introduced in the field of artificial intelligence in 1980s, a number of inference algorithms have been developed for probabilistic reasoning. However, when continuous variables are present in Bayesian networks, their dependence relationships could be nonlinear and their probability distributions could be arbitrary. So far no efficient inference algorithm could d...

Several dairy cows have been identified as partially deficient in UMP synthase. Although erythrocytes of normal cows contained 2.54 units of enzyme per ml, four cows were discovered with only 1.08 units per ml. Cows deficient in UMP synthase secreted milk with abnormally high levels of orotate, 300-1,000 micrograms of orotate per ml compared to 80 micrograms/ml for normal cows. The deficiency a...

where the constants γ and C are determined by Eθ{φ(X,α, θ)} = α. The description of the analogous lower-tailed test is the same except that all inequalities are reversed. The constant C is clearly any (1−α)-th quantile of the distribution of T (X) for the parameter value θ. If C is not an atom of this distribution, then the test is effectively not randomized and the value of γ is irrelevant. Ot...

We have previously shown that chronic, but not acute, dietary supplementation with CDP-choline prevents the hippocampal-dependent memory deficits manifested by aged rats and by rats reared under impoverished environmental conditions. In rats, dietary CDP-choline is rapidly metabolized into cytidine and choline; the cytidine is then readily converted to uridine, which enters the brain and, via c...

The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) system fulfils a pivotal role in the biotransformation of potentially toxic endogenous and exogenous compounds. Here we report that the activity of UGT in rat liver is stimulated by UDP-xylose. This stimulation was found in native microsomal vesicles as well as in the intact endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane, as studied in permeabilized hepatocytes, indic...

A Markov switching DSGE model with financial frictions investigates the effects of unconventional monetary policy (UMP) exit strategies. Agents in the model have rational expectations about the probability of financial crises, the probability of a UMP response to crises, and the exit strategy used. Selling off assets quickly produces a doubledip recession; in contrast, a slow unwind generates a...

This study aims to analyze the effect of provincial minimum wage (UMP) and land area on Absorption Labor in Agricultural Sector Indonesian Provinces. The research was conducted 34 provinces from 2015 2020. analytical method used is fixed panel data regression analysis. results showed that partially UMP had no employment, while agricultural an employment absorption, simultaneously provinces. Wes...

Uridine 5'-diphosphate-glucose (UDP-Glc) is transported into the lumen of the Golgi cisternae, where is used for polysaccharide biosynthesis. When Golgi vesicles were incubated with UDP-[3H]Glc, [3H]Glc was rapidly transferred to endogenous acceptors and UDP-Glc was undetectable in Golgi vesicles. This result indicated that a uridine-containing nucleotide was rapidly formed in the Golgi vesicle...