OBJECTIVE Aortic unfolding occurs with aging and reflects proximal aortic dilation, aortic arch widening, and decreased curvature. This study 1) evaluated the relationship between aortic unfolding measured using non-contrast cardiac-gated computed tomography (CT) and age, 2) assessed factors influencing aortic unfolding, and 3) determined the association of this measurement with coronary artery...

the thermal denaturation of α-amylase from bacillus amyloliquefaciens has been investigated in the presence and absence of sodium dodecyl sulphate (sds) over the temperature range (293-373) k in 20 mm sodium phosphate buffer, ph 6.9, using temperature scanning spectroscopy. the presence of sds caused the destabilization of α-amylase resulting in a decrease in the temperature of unfolding with a...

The conformation change of bovine hemoglobin (Hb) during the unfolding process induced by urea and acid was investigated by an electrochemical method. Hb unfolding induced by urea of different concentrations was realized by bonding Hb onto a 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) modified gold electrode. The difference in unfolding percentage showed that the Hb unfolding induced by urea was a two-step,...

There are two known ways to unfold a convex polyhedron without overlap: the star unfolding and the source unfolding, both of which use shortest paths from vertices to a source point on the surface of the polyhedron. Non-overlap of the source unfolding is straightforward; non-overlap of the star unfolding was proved by Aronov and O’Rourke in 1992. Our first contribution is a much simpler proof o...

Single-molecule force spectroscopy using an atomic force microscope (AFM) can be used to measure the average unfolding force of proteins in a constant velocity experiment. In combination with Monte Carlo simulations and through the application of the Zhurkov-Bell model, information about the parameters describing the underlying unfolding energy landscape of the protein can be obtained. Using th...

For most multidomain proteins the thermal unfolding transitions are accompanied by an irreversible step, often related to aggregation at elevated temperatures.As a consequence the analysis of thermostabilities in terms of equilibrium thermodynamics is not applicable, at least not if the irreversible process is fast with respect the structural unfolding transition. In a comparative studywe inves...

Simulations and experiments that monitor protein unfolding under denaturing conditions are commonly employed to study the mechanism by which a protein folds to its native state in a physiological environment. Due to the differences in conditions and the complexity of the reaction, unfolding is not necessarily the reverse of folding. To assess the relevance of temperature initiated unfolding stu...

The key to efficient on-the-fly reachability analysis based on unfolding is to focus the expansion of the finite prefix towards the desired marking. However, current unfolding strategies typically equate to blind (breadth-first) search. They do not exploit the knowledge of the marking that is sought, merely entertaining the hope that the road to it will be short. This paper investigates directe...