Current Brazilian law does not provide appropriate legislation governing waste resulting from unused medication, which presents a growing public health threat. Studies that have considered these issues are incomplete, classifying unused medication as a remnant of healthcare and ignoring the user, who has the largest role in generating this type of waste. Users do not possess sufficient knowledg...

injection is one of the most common medical procedures in the health sector. annually up to 16 billion injections are prescribed in low- and middle-income countries (lmics), many of them are not necessary for the patients, increase the healthcare costs and may result in side effects. currently over 40% of outpatient prescriptions in iran contain at least one injectable medicine. to address the ...

Abstract When medicines enter the environment, they harm living species and ecosystems. Improper disposal of household pharmaceutical waste increases concentration pharmaceuticals in environment thus their detrimental impacts. Since 2004, EU has obliged its Member States to establish ‘an appropriate collection system’ for unused and/or expired medication. However, as no implementation guideline...

statement of problem: recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ras) is one of the most common diseases affecting the oral mucosa. many topical and systemic medications used to treat ras have adverse local and systemic effects. chamomill (kamillosan) has been shown to be an effective drug, without any noticeable side effects. purpose: the aim of present study was to assess the efficacy of a chamomill mout...

Background: Glycyrrhiza glabra, Terminalia chebula and Hamdard joshanda is used as a traditional home medicine in developing countries that easily available for lesser cost with no side effects. These decoctions made record pandemic have found efficacious Covid-19 patients RTI addition to Dengue Malarial fever. Our study aimed explore the qualitative well quantitative potential medicines such t...

Access to essential medicines is an element of the international agreements on the human right to health. This review summarizes the current situation concerning access to medicines in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) by examining the policies, constitutional provisions and other legal instruments of the Member States. The constitutions of 18 out of 22 EMR countries enshrine health as a h...