This paper describes a new model of intonation for English. The paper proposes that intonation can be described using a sequence of rise, fall and connection elements. Pitch accents and boundary rises are described using rise and fall elements, and connection elements are used to describe everything else. Equations can be used to synthesize fundamental frequency (F ) contours from these element...

top-down analysis leads not only to a neglect of the real world but also to a misplaced perfectionism. The Costs of Accidents asks

Polyphonic music listening well exemplifies processes typically involved in daily auditory scene analysis situations, relying on an interactive interplay between bottom-up and top-down processes. Most studies investigating scene analysis have used elementary auditory scenes, however real-world scene analysis is far more complex. In particular, music, contrary to most other natural auditory scen...

Symbol emergence through a robot’s own interactive exploration of the world without human intervention has been investigated now for several decades. However, methods that enable a machine to form symbol systems in a robust bottom-up manner are still missing. Clearly this shows that we still do not have an appropriate computational understanding that explains symbol emergence in biological and ...

How the brain processes pattern mixtures is not well understood. The prevailing views are 1) that difficult tasks are processed in serial, and easy tasks in parallel 2) in fast image presentations with effective masking leaves little time for re-entrant neural dynamics other than feed-forward, excluding the possibility of top-down processing. We hypothesize that to process pattern mixtures, the...

We present a top-down lower bound method for depth 3 AND-OR-NOT circuits which is simpler than the previous methods and in some cases gives better lower bounds. In particular we prove that depth 3 AND-OR-NOT circuits that compute PARITY resp. MAJORITY require size a t least 20.6 18.. fi resp. 2°.849...fi. This is the first simple proof of a strong lower bound by a top-down argument for non-mono...

We provide string theory examples where a toy model of a SUSY GUT or the MSSM is embedded in a compactification along with a gauge sector which dynamically breaks supersymmetry. We argue that by changing microscopic details of the model (such as precise choices of flux), one can arrange for the dominant mediation mechanism transmitting SUSY breaking to the Standard Model to be either gravity me...

A joint effort by the University of California at Berkeley and Delft University of Technology to develop a graduate engineering ethics course for PhD students encountered two types of challenges: academic and institutional. Academically, long-term collaborative research efforts between engineering and philosophy faculty members might be needed before successful engineering ethics courses can be...

The focus of this paper is on pointing gestures that do not function as deictic pointing to a concrete referent but rather as structuring the flow of information. Examples are given on their use in giving feedback and creating a common ground in natural conversations, and their meaning is described with the help of semantic themes of the Index Finger Extended gesture family. A communication mod...