Let G be a topological group acting on a space X. We construct a family of Steenrod’s ∪i -product [Ann. of Math. (2) 48 (1947) 290] on the Bredon–Illman cochain complex of X [Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2) 47 (1996) 199]. As corollaries, we get the existence of Steenrod squares on Bredon– Illman cohomology with appropriate coefficients as well as the triviality of the Gerstenhaber bracket indu...

My colleague Richard F. West and I began studies of context effects on the word recognition of children when we were both graduate students at the University of Michigan in the mid-i9705.At the time we were heavily influenced by the popular top-tiown models of the reading process.’ We fully expected to make an experimental mark by providing more rigorous confirmationsof the individual-differenc...

The US has experienced a sustained increase in productivity growth since the mid-1990s, particularly in sectors that intensively use information technologies (IT). This has not occurred in Europe. If the US “productivity miracle” is due to a natural advantage of being located in the US then we would not expect to see any evidence of it for US establishments located abroad. This paper shows in f...

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I R. J. Williams, Quart. J. Studies Alc., 7, 567, 1947. 2 R. J. Williams, Biochemical Individuality (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1956). 3R. J. Williams, E. Beerstecher, Jr., and L. J. Berry, Lancet, 1, 287, 1950. 4R. J. Williams, Nutrition and Alcoholism (Norman, Okla.: University of Oklahoma Press. 1951). 5E. Beerstecher, Jr., H. E. Sutton, H. K. Berry, W. D. Brown, J. Reed, G. B. Rich, L. J....

The term “plea bargaining”has become a label often used to describe a series of disparate mechanisms to investigate,prosecute,and adjudicate criminal liability. For some,plea bargaining is the indispensable tool to address criminal conduct,while for others it has become a symbol of coercion and injustice. The purpose of this Article will be to distinguish the very different mechanisms that are ...

Different attempts have been made to answer Reich's question why the majority of those who are hungry don't steal and why the majority of those who are exploited don't strike. The two most influential approaches have been the ideological one and the gunman theory. The gunman theory seems to have the upper hand in that it not only explains many cases of successful oppression by a minority of a m...

Let p(~x) ∈ R[~x] be SOS in t real polynomial squares. Then, p(~x) must have even degree. Let deg(p(~x)) = 2k. Then, ∃q1, . . . , qt ∈ R[~x] s.t. deg(qi(~x)) ≤ k and p(~x) = ∑t i=1 q 2 i (~x). A key observation is that we can now exactly characterise the finitely many possible power-products that could occur in each qi(~x). Definition 1.1. Let Λn(d) = {α = 〈α1, . . . , αn〉 ∈ Nn | α1 + . . .+ αn...

Each year landmines kill and maim an estimated 26 000 people worldwide. About 10%–40% of these victims are children, most of whom are affected long after the cessation of hostilities. 3 These deaths and injuries are potentially preventable but planning measures are hampered by the lack of data on determinants of landmine injuries in children; consequently mine awareness programmes for children ...

With sixty years of hindsight, it seems particularly appropriate to reflect on the trajectory of international humanitarian law (IHL) as shaped by the 1949 Geneva Conventions. The near universal acceptance of the Conventions and their secure integration into the international system can sometimes lead us to underestimate the significance of their impact. It is this transformative impact on publ...