Introduction Tobacco control policy is essential for addressing the growing tobacco consumption seen in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, the single greatest preventable contributor to the non-communicable disease epidemic. Egypt and Iran have had varied success in using policy to combat this issue. The study aims to identify and compare the factors which have influenced different stages of the...

Despite being the most hunted movement in history, Al Qaeda and its associate organisations will pose a significant threat in 2003. Al Qaeda per se will fragment, decentralise, regroup in five zones of the world, work with like?minded groups, select a wider range of targets, focus on economic targets and population centres, and conduct most attacks in the global south. Although the group will b...

The comparative study of social policy in developing countries is of recent vintage.1 Yet the middle-income countries of Latin America, East Asia, and Eastern Europe have welfare systems that originated in the early post­ war period. The questions posed by these systems are the same as those that motivate the literature on the advanced welfare state: Why did gov­ ernments undertake the provisio...

UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Injury is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and even more so in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Iran is a LMIC and lacks information regarding injury for program and policy purposes. This study aimed to describe the incidence and patterns of injury in one province in South Eastern Iran. METHODS A hospital-based, retrospective case review u...

since 2011, the region has been a profound socio-economic changes originated from n tunisia, & spread to middle eastern and the former power structures affected. the management and direction to these uprisings is the key question of this paper. the key question, is the foreign policy of the islamic republic of iran how answer to these middle east public uprisings in the years 2011-2014?the answ...

Morphine is one of the more ancient medicines known, yet the global access to this opioid is still severely limited. In spite of the fact that strong networks for national, regional and global care have been emerging, the overall situation of pain management, in general, and in cancer patients in specific, remains of great concern; when we examine the availability of pain relief drugs in Middle...