In this paper, we reconsider the problem of specialising the vanilla meta interpreter through fully automatic and completely general partial deduction techniques. In particular, we study how the homeo-morphic embedding relation guides specialisation of the interpreter. We focus on the so-called parsing problem, i.e. removing all parsing overhead from the program, and demonstrate that further re...

A root rot disease is the most important factor limiting commercial production of vanilla [Vanilla fragrans (Salisb.) Ames] in Puerto Rico. According to a survey of growers in 1945 (1), the disease was responsible for 40% to 50%o death of vines. In 1927 the causal organism was identified as Fusarium batatatis var. vanilae, Tucker (5). The disease usually becomes more pronounced during the third...

Abstract This study aims to assess Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy predict vanillin and moisture content non-destructively. Twenty-four samples of vanilla pods (@55 grams/sample) from Sumatra Sulawesi Island were tested. The reflectance spectra pod measured using a NIRFlex N-500 spectrometer at the wavelength 1000-2500 nm. After that, reference method. transformed absorbance several pre-treatm...

Lignins are complex phenylpropanoid polymers mostly associated with plant secondary cell walls. Lignins arise primarily via oxidative polymerization of the three monolignols, p-coumaryl, coniferyl, and sinapyl alcohols. Of the two hydroxycinnamyl alcohols that represent incompletely methylated biosynthetic products (and are not usually considered to be monolignols), 5-hydroxyconiferyl alcohol i...

The `volatility smile' is one of the well-known biases of Black-Scholes models for pricing options. In this paper, we introduce a robust method of reducing this bias by pricing subject to a deterministic functional volatility = (S; t). This instantaneous volatility is chosen as a spline whose weights are determined by a regularised numerical strategy that approximately minimises the di erence b...

Context-dependent discrimination learning, a sophisticated form of nonelemental associative learning, has been found in many animals, including insects. The major purpose of this research is to establish a method for monitoring this form of nonelemental learning in rigidly restrained insects for investigation of underlying neural mechanisms. We report context-dependent olfactory learning (occas...

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of selected spices on chemical and sensorial markers in cakes formulated on rye and light buckwheat flour fortified with spices. Among collection of spices, rye-buckwheat cakes fortified individually with cloves, nutmeg, allspice, cinnamon, vanilla, and spice mix revealed the highest sensory characteristics and overall quality. Cakes fortified wi...